Gorbea 4中庭 - 园林吧

Gorbea 4中庭
Gorbea 4 Atriums

这个2007年的项目位于马德里一座5层办公楼的两个内院。两个20 x 11 m的矩形空间。（每个220平方米），全玻璃办公室可俯瞰。这些庭院为工作区提供自然光，但很少接受阳光或直射光。最终，这些环境被深深遮蔽，通风不良。种植的可用深度非常浅（约50-60厘米），也没有多大帮助。
This 2007 project, was set in two inner courtyards of a 5 floor office building in Madrid. Two rectangular spaces of 20 x 11 m. (220 m2 each) to which the fully glazed offices overlook. These courtyards provide natural light to the workspaces but receive little sunlight or direct light. Ultimately these environments are deeply shaded and poorly ventilate. The available depth for planting being very shallow (50-60 cm approx.) didn’t help much either.

Gorbea 4 Atriums

它必须是一个花园，在时间上具有非常永久和恒定的外观，在建筑的中心位置，因此从所有楼层都可以看到。它从更高楼层的视觉影响了设计和结构，因此决定了图案应该可以从上面识别。提供了几种设计方案。一些基于更正式和几何图案，但最终被接受的一个具有这种有机和自然主义的外观
It had to be a garden with a very permanent and constant in time appearance, being so present in the heart of the building and therefore seen from all floors. The vision of it from the higher floors influenced the design and structure and so determined that the pattern should be recognizable from above. Several design alternatives were offered. Some based on more formal and geometric motifs but the one which was finally accepted had this organic and naturalistic look

Shady conditions that rarely occur in Madrid should not be a limiting factor but rather the opposite, like an unusual an advantageous opportunity . This was used as an opportunity to create a small microclimate, like a redoubt where relict species take refuge in our suffering steppe environment.

The species chosen are:
Buxus sempervirens (Boxwood)
Ferns
Ophiopogon japonicus
Farfugium japonicum
Betula alba (Silver Birch)

两个天井都有共同的方案、材料和种类，但这些元素的配置相对不同。盒子被用作基础植物，为环境提供了可视和统一的结构。它每年修剪2到3次，以提供植物密度，同时提供流动性和洞的自然感觉，就像自然界中的灌木丛一样。这一效果通过种植在海拔高度得到了加强，随着土壤深度的增加，该海拔高度会给布景带来更多的运动。这种额外的深度是适应树木根球和长期黄杨木健康发展所必需的。每过一年，它的数量就会增加，因此形式的定义也会增加，强调它的能力和优势。这种外观不仅可以使空间更加清晰，还可以确保其轮廓在阴影中清晰可见，因为在这些条件下，形状和轮廓往往会模糊。其余的植物，尤其是精致的蕨类植物和大而圆的蜡叶需要与盒子的清晰线条相对，以突出其最自由和自然的形式。作为一个补充物种，麦冬被种植在与其他物种一起沿对角线穿过两个空间的干溪边缘的漂流中。这条小溪是由岩石、石头和砾石的使用所暗示的，并通过种植像羊茅和蕨类植物这样的物种来强调，这些物种通常与野外的高湿度有关。
Both patios share common scheme, materials and species, but the disposition of these elements vary in a relative way. Box was used as base plant, giving visible and unifying structure to the environment. It’s trimmed 2 or 3 times a year to provide plant density apart from fluidity and a natural feeling to the hole, as to resemble the form of bushes in nature. This effect was accentuated by being planted mostly on elevations that give more movement to the set along with a greater soil depth. This extra depth is something needed to accommodate the root balls of trees and for healthy development of long-term boxwood. Every year that passes its volume will increase and so the definition of forms, emphasizing its capabilities and strengths. This look vertebrates the space but also ensures that its outline is well defined in the shade because under these conditions, shapes and silhouettes tend to blur. The rest of the plants, especially the delicate ferns and the large rounded waxed leaves of Farfugium need to be set against the clear lines of box to highlight its most free and natural forms. As a complementing species, Ophiopogon was planted in drifts that follow along with the other species on the margin of the dry creek that runs through both spaces diagonally. The creek is implied by the use of rocks, stones and gravel, and is emphasized by planting species like Farfugium and ferns, normally associated with high moisture in the wild.

使用的石头是乌尔达（托莱多）的采石场，颜色为深灰色，潮湿时几乎呈黑色，进一步突出了植物的绿色。作为垂直元素，日本枫树是它们的第一选择，可以承受强烈的阴影，但出于技术原因和寻找更具发展性的东西，桦树是它们的最终选择。对它有利的是，它们的白色树皮在黑暗中作为雕塑般的轮廓显得格外突出。
The stone used is the quarry of Urda (Toledo) and has a dark gray color that appears almost black when wet, further highlighting the green of the plants. As vertical element , Japanese maples where the first option for they could endure intense shade, but on technical grounds and looking for something with more development, birches where the final choice. In its favor they had the white bark that stands out as sculptural silhouette in the dark.

在这个花园里使用了五种植物，但盒子和银桦树将持续占据这一位置，逐渐将其转变为一种更为清醒和宁静的环境，在工作中寻找片刻的平静。这些庭院里的气氛让人联想到其他地方的自然，甚至可能是另一个时代的自然。在这个时代，蕨类植物和奇形怪状的植物比比皆是，鲜花稀少，气氛凉爽、清新、神秘。
There are five species used in this garden, but it will be the box and silver birches who will last in time taking possession of place, gradually transforming it into a more sober and serene ambient where to look away in search of a moment of calm in the work routine. The atmosphere in these courtyards evokes nature from elsewhere, perhaps even from another era, one where the ferns and plants with whimsical shapes abounded, where flowers were scarce and the atmosphere was cool, fresh and mysterious.

Landscape Architecture: Urquijo-Kastner Estudio de Paisajismo (Miguel Urquijo and Renate Kastner)
Construction: 2007
Area: 440 M2 (220m2 per atrium)
Budget: 45.000 €
Location: Madrid, Spain
Text: Miguel Urquijo