扎耶德国家博物馆 / Foster + Partners

沙漠智慧与文化象征的建筑融合：扎耶德国家博物馆的设计精髓在于其对阿联酋极端沙漠环境的深刻理解和尊重。建筑通过地景化的土丘体量，有效阻隔了太阳辐射，实现了被动降温，这体现了深刻的地域适应性。五片标志性的轻质钢翼不仅是引人注目的造型元素，更是核心的自然通风系统，利用热压差和负压效应将热空气排出，同时引入地下管道预先冷却的空气，构建了一个高效、低能耗的室内微气候。这种将结构、通风和象征意义（猎鹰翅膀的形态）完美融合的策略，是当代可持续建筑的典范。

光影叙事与以人为本的空间序列：博物馆的内部空间组织体现了清晰的导向性和体验层次感。“Al Liwan”中庭作为光线充足的汇聚之所，不仅是交通枢纽，更是文化活动的发生地，体现了阿拉伯传统公共空间的精神。展陈空间的设计巧妙地利用了悬挂的吊舱结构，为珍贵文物提供了受控的微环境。此外，通过多层夹胶玻璃和电致变色天窗对面光照的精确调控，确保了在引入自然光的同时，最大程度地保护了展品并提升了游客的舒适度，实现了功能性与美学的统一。

地域文脉与材料的深层对话：该项目在材料选择和色彩策略上，深度呼应了阿联酋的自然与人文历史。建筑外立面和内部空间采用的暖白色调，抽象地提炼了七个酋长国不同沙地的色彩变化，使建筑在视觉上融入了本土的地理肌理。同时，通过“Al Masar 花园”将建筑与海岸线连接，创造了社区共享的休憩与沉思空间，体现了国父谢赫·扎耶德“绿化沙漠”的远见。这种由内而外、从功能到象征的在地性思考，使博物馆成为了阿联酋身份、历史与未来愿景的有力物质载体。

The Zayed National Museum is now open to the public. Located in the heart of the Saadiyat Cultural District in Abu Dhabi, the museum is the UAE’s new national museum, tracing the nation’s history from its earliest human settlements to the civilizations that shaped its culture and identity, all deeply rooted in the values held by the UAE’s founding father, the late Sheikh Zayed bin Zayed Al Nahyan. The architectural form responds to the challenge of sustaining life in the desert environment while embodying the deep cultural traditions of the Emirates.
扎耶德国家博物馆已向公众开放。该博物馆位于阿布扎比萨迪亚特文化区的核心地带，是阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）的新国家博物馆，其追溯了阿联酋的历史，从最早的人类居住痕迹到塑造其文化和身份的文明，这一切都深深植根于阿联酋国父——已故谢赫·扎耶德·本·苏尔坦·阿勒纳哈扬所秉持的价值观。建筑的形式既应对了在沙漠环境中维持生命的挑战，也体现了阿联酋深厚的文化传统。

Courtesy of Zayed National Museum

The museum’s five lightweight steel wings form part of a natural ventilation system. Vents at the top of the towers use the negative pressure created on the leeward side of the airfoil to draw hot air out of the atrium, assisted by the thermal effect generated by heat build-up at the wing tips. Air, naturally cooled through pipes buried deep beneath the desert surface, then flows into the atrium via the lower level ventilation system. The steel wings feature glass curtain walls, bringing natural light into the exhibition halls below, and each wing can be adjusted independently.
博物馆的五片轻质钢翼是自然通风系统的一部分。塔楼顶部设有通风口，利用翼型背风侧的负压将中庭的热空气抽出，翼尖热量积聚产生的热效应也对此起到了辅助作用。随后，通过埋藏在沙漠地表深处管道自然冷却的空气，通过低层通风系统流入中庭。钢翼采用玻璃幕墙，将自然光引入下方的展厅，且每片钢翼均可单独调节。

The museum spaces are housed within an earthen mound, clad in richly textured multi-panels that abstractly represent the topography of the Emirates. The mound insulates the interior spaces from solar radiation, creating a protective barrier against heat ingress. Upon entering the museum, visitors step into a light-filled atrium – ‘Al Liwan’ – which serves as a meeting place and orientation space, capable of hosting events such as traditional dance and poetry performances.
博物馆空间位于一座土丘之内，土丘表面覆盖着纹理丰富的多面板，抽象地展现了阿联酋的地形地貌。土丘为内部空间隔绝了太阳辐射，形成了一道保护屏障，防止热量进入建筑。当游客步入博物馆，便踏入了一个充满光线的中庭 —— 即“Al Liwan”，这里既是会面场所，也是导向空间，可举办传统舞蹈和诗歌表演等活动。

General arrangement and ground floor plan

Four of the six permanent galleries are suspended above ‘Al Liwan’ in pod-like volumes, providing a controlled environment for the precious artefacts on display. The triple-laminated glass of the towers modulates the amount of daylight entering the main hall and gallery spaces. The glass incorporates a dense mesh interlayer, and each pod has a skylight made of electrochromic glass that can change its transparency according to the external light levels.
在六个常设展厅中，四个吊舱形展厅悬于 “Al Liwan” 之上，为展出的珍贵文物提供了可控的环境。塔楼的三层夹胶玻璃调节了进入大堂和展厅空间的日光量。玻璃包含一个致密的网状夹层，每个吊舱都有一个由电致变色玻璃制成的天窗，可根据外部光线水平改变其透明度。

“The Zayed National Museum tells the story of Sheikh Zayed in creating the UAE and the many facets of his legacy, including his vision for greening the desert. The building itself is a testament to sustainability, with the five aerodynamic wings forming an integral part of the environmental system, acting as thermal chimneys and drawing in cool air for the public spaces. They also symbolise Sheikh Zayed’s passion for traditional falconry and have become an iconic element on the skyline.” Norman Foster | Founder and Executive Chairman, Foster + Partners
“扎耶德国家博物馆讲述了谢赫·扎耶德创建阿联酋的故事及其遗产的诸多方面，包括他绿化沙漠的愿景。建筑本身便是可持续性的体现，五片空气动力学翼片是环境系统不可或缺的一部分，既作为热烟囱，又为公共空间引入凉爽空气。它们还象征着谢赫·扎耶德对传统猎鹰运动的热爱，并已成为城市天际线的标志性元素。”诺曼·福斯特 | 福斯特及合伙人事务所创始人兼执行董事长

Each pod-like gallery is curated around a specific theme, with the connecting node spaces providing the contextual narrative that links them together. Visitors can choose their own route via sculptural spiral staircases or elevators to the upper levels. On the ground floor, two permanent gallery spaces are also located near the museum entrance, alongside a temporary exhibition space, an fine dining restaurant, and a café.
每个吊舱形展厅均围绕特定主题进行策展，而连接它们的节点空间则提供了将它们串联起来的背景信息。游客可自行选择路线，通过雕塑般的螺旋楼梯或电梯前往上层。在一层，博物馆入口附近还设有两个常设展厅空间，以及一个临时展览空间、一家高级餐厅和一家咖啡馆。

Beyond the museum building, Sheikh Zayed’s love for nature is celebrated in the ‘Al Masar Garden’, which connects the building to the coast. The garden blends landscape and heritage, intended to be a new asset for the community, offering spaces for socializing, recreation, and contemplation. Visitors can also take a shaded route, walking from ground level up to the viewing deck at the base of the steel towers, which offers panoramic views across the surrounding area.
博物馆建筑之外，谢赫·扎耶德对自然的热爱通过 “Al Masar 花园” 得以体现，该花园将建筑与海岸相连。花园融合了景观与遗产，旨在成为社区的新资产，提供社交、娱乐和沉思的空间。游客还可选择一条遮荫路线，从地面层步行至土丘顶部的观景平台，该平台位于钢塔底部，可俯瞰周边地区的全景。

The choice of materials has been carefully considered to resonate with the local environment and reflect the colour variations found in the historic architecture of the seven Emirates, which mirror the colours of sand from different locations. Following this tradition, the external and internal spaces of the museum adopt the warm, off-white tones characteristic of Saadiyat Island. The project was delivered in close collaboration with the Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi.
材料的选择经过精心考量，以与当地环境相呼应，并映照出阿联酋七个酋长国历史建筑的色彩变化，这些建筑反映了不同地点沙子的颜色变化。基于这一传统，博物馆的外部和内部空间均采用了萨迪亚特岛上特有的暖白色调。该项目是与阿布扎比文化与旅游部紧密合作完成的。

First floor plan

“The Zayed National Museum provides a permanent home for our nation’s story. Our national museum is intended to preserve and share our past while connecting generations. Here, our descendants will discover the values that built this nation: unity, humility, openness, and respect for heritage. These are principles we have always upheld and will continue to guide us forward. As visitors from around the world walk through these halls, they will gain a deeper understanding of the United Arab Emirates—its past, present, and future.” H.E. Mohamed Khalifa Al Mubarak, Chairman of the Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi
“扎耶德国家博物馆为我们国家的故事提供了一个永久的归宿。我们的国家博物馆旨在保存和分享我们的过去，同时连接世代。在这里，我们的子孙后代将发现构建这个国家的价值观：团结、谦逊、开放和对遗产的尊重。这些是我们一直秉持的原则，将继续指引我们前行。当来自世界各地的游客漫步在这些展厅中时，他们将对阿拉伯联合酋长国 —— 过去、现在和未来，有更深入的了解。”——阿布扎比文化与旅游部部长穆罕默德·哈利法·阿尔·穆巴拉克阁下

“This project allowed us to address many of the issues relating to architecture and sustainable design at a monumental scale, which have been at the core of our practice’s work for decades. It has been a pleasure to collaborate with such visionary stakeholders, whose deep knowledge of the region provided a solid foundation for our work.” Gerard Evenden | Head of Studio, Foster + Partners
“这个项目让我们得以在宏大的规模上实现许多与建筑和可持续设计相关的问题，这些问题几十年来一直是我们事务所工作的核心。与如此有远见的利益相关者合作是一种乐趣，他们对该地区的广泛了解为我们的工作奠定了坚实的基础。”杰拉德·埃文登 | 福斯特及合伙人事务所工作室负责人