紧凑垂直布局与场地激活：该项目在极其局促的城市地块上，通过创新的紧凑垂直布局，成功整合了幼儿园与小学，并高效地分离了各自的交通流线和功能空间。其精髓在于将原本受限的场地转化为多层次的教育景观：地面空间为幼儿园预留了核心操场，而小学部分则巧妙地利用阶梯式屋顶发展出户外教育花园和市府要求的体育设施。这种垂直集约化的设计不仅解决了用地限制，更将屋顶转化为社区共享的聚集空间，激活了场地的全部潜力。
景观化策略与气候适应性：建筑被精心构思为一座“景观建筑”，深度融合了当地的自然元素——石材、植被与光线，形成了城市中的“庇护所”。其巨石般的体量咬合构造，在应对马赛强烈日照和密史脱拉风等极端气候时发挥了关键作用。通过矿物基座和悬挑石材的运用，实现了有效的自然遮阳和热惰性调节，为室内环境创造了稳定、温和的微气候，体现了对教育场所环境质量的深刻承诺。
材料的永恒性与以人为本的体验：项目大量采用取自本地的实心石材作为外墙的主要材料，这种选择不仅赋予建筑坚固的热惰性和持久的生命周期（项目经理语），更营造出一种厚重、安宁的感官基础。此外，设计对细节的关注，例如受艺术启发的连续衣钩线，旨在为儿童提供清晰的引导和愉悦的居住体验。这体现了建筑师坚持的理念：建筑的价值在于其被使用的感受，强调了设计应服务于教育实践和使用者福祉。
From the architect. The school designed by BGA blossoms like the Calanques in the city, the Les Fabriques school complex, designed by BGA, is located in the heart of the Euroméditerranée urban development zone in Marseille, integrating a kindergarten and a primary school, each with its own independent reception area, circulation spaces, and well-lit, well-ventilated classrooms. Given the extremely restricted site, the firm created a compact vertical project, freeing up the center of the site for the kindergarten playground, while the primary school playground and educational garden extend in terraces to the roof. At the request of the City Hall, sports facilities were added to the roof—a half basketball court, an athletics track, and a net structure shaped like a catamaran sail—completing the overall functionality and becoming a true gathering space for the neighborhood.
来自建筑师。BGA 设计的学校如城市中的卡朗格峡湾般绽放，莱法布里克学校综合体由 BGA 设计，坐落于马赛利托拉尔城市发展区的核心地带，集幼儿园与小学于一体，各自拥有独立的接待区、通行空间以及采光充足、通风良好的教室。在用地极为局促的情况下，事务所打造了一个紧凑的垂直项目，将场地中心腾出作为幼儿园操场，而小学操场与教育花园则呈阶梯状延伸至屋顶。应市政府要求，屋顶增设体育设施 —— 半个篮球场、一条田径跑道以及形似双体船帆的网状结构，完善了整体功能，成为邻里间真正的聚集空间。
© Sergio Grazia
The school is conceived as a "landscape architecture," a port in the city that merges stone, vegetation, and light. A mineral plinth follows the topography, and the massive volumes interlock in an almost cyclopean composition. The gaps between them accommodate vegetation and diverse outdoor spaces: open-air classrooms, an amphitheater, and gardens where birds can nest. This form responds both to educational needs and to the climate of Marseille—characterized by the Mistral wind, intense sunlight, and heatwaves, including the one in the summer of 2025. In this fragile area of the northern districts, the school is both a landmark and a refuge—a protective place ensuring serenity, clear circulation, and security.
该校被构思为一座“景观建筑”，一座融合石材、植被与光线的城市港湾。矿物基座顺应地形起伏，巨大体量以近乎独眼巨人般的构图相互咬合。其间缝隙容纳植被与多样户外空间：露天教室、露天剧场，以及鸟儿筑巢的花园。这一形态既回应了教育需求，也适应了马赛的气候条件 —— 密史脱拉风盛行、阳光强烈、热浪频发，包括 2025 年夏季那场。在这片北部城区的脆弱地带，学校既是地标，也是庇护所 —— 一个确保安宁、通行清晰与安全的保护性场所。
Ground floor plan
一层平面图
Solid stone plays a decisive role: extracted from the Beaulieu quarry, it provides thermal inertia and long-term durability. Its cantilevering filters the sun and softens solar radiation, creating a gentle and stable environment in classrooms and corridors. As project manager Arnaud Ladoire noted, "The entire facade is made of solid stone... the thickness of the blocks varies between 20 and 45 cm. It is moving to think that they will serve as the building's permanent skin throughout its entire lifespan."
实心石材发挥了决定性作用：取自博略采石场，提供热惰性与长期耐久性。其悬挑结构过滤阳光，柔化太阳辐射，在教室与走廊中营造出温和稳定的环境。正如项目经理阿尔诺·拉多热所言：“整个外立面均由实心石材打造……石块厚度在 20 至 45 厘米之间。想到它们将作为建筑的永久外衣贯穿其整个生命周期，令人动容。”
© Sergio Grazia
© Sergio Grazia
This focus on sensory experience is found in details, such as the continuous line of coat hooks inspired by Osvaldo Cavandoli—a playful Ariadne's thread guiding the children through the building. As partner Jean-Pierre Leveque explains, "For us, the pleasure provided by the design should be reflected in how the children and educational teams inhabit the building; it seems obvious."
这种对感官体验的关注体现在细节之中，如受奥斯瓦尔多·卡万多利启发的连续衣钩线 —— 一条引导孩子们穿梭于建筑中的趣味阿里阿德涅之线。正如合伙人让-皮埃尔·莱韦克解释：“对我们而言，设计带来的愉悦应体现在儿童与教育团队对建筑的居住方式中，这似乎是显而易见的。”
Section view
剖面图
The project is also the result of a trusting partnership established with Euroméditerranée and the City of Marseille, who supported the integration of new needs, such as the rooftop sports facilities, and encouraged the firm to experiment with innovative construction methods. As Julien Gonin recalls, "We worked hand in hand with Euroméditerranée, particularly closely with Cécile Elbaze."
该项目也是与欧罗美地中海发展署及马赛市政府建立信任合作关系的成果，他们支持融入新需求，如屋顶体育设施，并鼓励事务所尝试创新施工方法。正如朱利安·戈宁回忆：“我们与欧罗美地中海发展署携手合作，特别是与塞西尔·埃尔巴兹紧密配合。”
© Sergio Grazia
The City Hall also emphasized the building's shared use: the school can welcome associations and residents outside of school hours and participate in the "The Roof Belongs to Us" initiative. With its compact design, mixed stone and concrete structure, climate adaptability, and strong local rooting, Les Fabriques is much more than a functional school: it becomes a protective and open landscape where education, climate, and poetry merge, offering children a learning environment perfectly attuned to Marseille.
市政府还强调了建筑的共享用途：学校可在课余时间欢迎协会与居民使用，并参与“屋顶属于我们”倡议。凭借其紧凑设计、石材与混凝土混合结构体系、气候适应性及强烈的本土根基，莱法布里克远不止是一座功能性学校：它成为了一处保护性、开放性的景观，教育、气候与诗意在此交融，为孩子们提供一个与马赛完美契合的学习环境。
© Sergio Grazia
