围龙书院 / 孟岩 | 都市实践

Weilong Academy/Mengyan | Urban Practice
围龙书院 / 孟岩 | 都市实践

设计理念的精髓： 项目的核心在于对地方文脉的深刻理解和创新性演绎。孟岩的团队深入研究了客家围屋的传统，将其独特的空间逻辑转化为现代建筑语言。这种“地域类型研究”并非简单的模仿，而是提炼其精髓——强烈的领域感和丰富的院落空间，并以此为基础，构建了具有现代感的校园。设计师的目标是重塑校园边界，打破封闭，实现书院与社区的共享。这种设计理念体现了对文化根脉的尊重，以及对人与环境关系的深刻思考，旨在通过建筑滋养社区，并与社区共同成长，具有极强的社会责任感和文化意义。

空间布局的亮点： 围龙书院的空间布局展现出高度的智慧和创意。项目采用了“书院单元+游廊聚落”的空间模式，将传统的围屋院落体系解构，形成多个独立的书院单元。这种设计适应不同学段的教学需求，并根据不同年龄段的特点，设计了富有趣味性和互动性的空间。低年级书院以圆形坡道激发探索欲，中年级书院则鼓励自由奔跑，高年级则营造专注的氛围。同时，沿场地边界设置共享功能空间、骑楼街道和开放廊道，形成学校与社区的互动界面，实现了校园的开放性和公共性，为学生提供了多元化的学习和活动空间。

建筑形式的创新： 围龙书院的外观设计是对周边环境的巧妙回应。为了应对周边城市的高密度和垂直性，设计采用了客家围屋式的连续水平体量。这种水平延展的建筑形态，不仅与周围环境形成对比，也创造了内部丰富的庭园空间，类似岭南园林。同时，这种设计也强化了建筑的整体性，创造了独特的校园形象。设计团队在尊重传统的同时，以现代建筑语言进行诠释，实现了形式与功能的完美结合，在现代化的城市环境中，构建出一个既具有文化底蕴，又充满现代感的教育场所，为学生提供了一个独特的学习和生活环境。

We take the construction of the academy as an opportunity to activate community culture, proposing to repair the existing spatial environment of the city, while sorting out and developing the valuable cultural context of the surrounding area. We hope to 'nourish' this urban area in the future, weaving a more ideal urban space and richer urban life through the architectural design of two new schools
“我们将书院营造作为激活社区文化的契机，通过提案修补城市现有的空间环境，同时把周边有价值的文化脉络梳理、显影出来，希望能‘滋养’未来这片城区，以两个新学校的建筑设计来编织更理想的城市空间和更丰富的城市生活。”

—— 孟岩

In the process of rapid urbanization in contemporary China, how to safeguard cultural roots and reshape humanistic space in the forest of reinforced concrete has become an important proposition in architectural practice. In 2021, the "Towards a New Campus" campaign in Shenzhen entered its third season, with the theme of "Six Joint Exhibitions of Academy Building", and launched an architectural practice in Longgang District, the root of Hakka culture.
在当代中国快速城市化的进程中，如何在钢筋水泥的森林中守护文化根脉、重塑人文空间，成为建筑实践的重要命题。2021年，深圳的“走向新校园”行动迎来了第三季，以“书院营造六联展”为主题，在客家文化的根脉——龙岗区，展开了一场建筑实践。

Design analysis

There are residential areas, industrial parks, and urban villages distributed on the plot. The Dawang Bogong Temple, under a hundred year old banyan tree at the entrance of the village, continues to be worshipped to this day. A few hundred meters to the north, there is a Hakka walled house called Seven Star Residence. The two mountains and one tree in the north and south form a weak natural urban context. The Weilong Academy (primary and secondary schools) in the northeast corner is adjacent to the city's main road, while the Weiwu Academy (primary school) in the southwest has a small river flowing through it, with a high-rise residential community in the middle.
地块上分布着住宅、工业园区和城中村，村口一棵百岁大榕树下的大王伯公庙至今香火不断，北侧几百米处有客家围屋七星世居，南北两山一树形成一条微弱的城市自然文脉。东北角围龙书院（中小学）紧邻城市干道，西南的围屋学社（小学）有小河流过，中间有一个高层住宅小区。

The core settlement form in Hakka culture - walled houses, has a strong sense of domain and rich courtyard space. We draw inspiration from this traditional establishment and reinterpret the spatial logic of walled houses with modern architectural language. We hope to explore place creation based on regional type research, reshape campus boundaries, achieve community sharing of academies, and explore systematic and innovative public space management strategies.
客家文化里核心聚落形态 —— 围屋，具有强烈的领域感和丰富的院落空间，我们从这一传统建制中汲取灵感，用现代建筑语言重新诠释围屋的空间逻辑，希望探索基于地域类型研究的场所营造，重塑校园边界，实现书院的社区共享，并探讨系统性创新的公共空间管理策略。

Axonometric drawing

Weilong Academy responds to the super large scale and excessive verticality of surrounding cities with a continuous horizontal volume in the style of Hakka walled houses. By stacking the density of the base boundary, a enclosed academy volume is created, giving way to a rich garden space similar to Lingnan gardens within the school.
围龙书院以客家围屋式的连续水平体量回应周边城市的超大尺度和过度垂直性。通过基地边界密度的叠加，营造围合的书院体量，给学校内部让出了岭南园林般丰富的庭园空间。

The shared functional space along the site boundary, the arcade street interface open to the city on the ground floor, and the corridor open to the community form a composite interface for interaction between the school and the community. Creatively propose a spatial model of "academy units+corridor settlements", deconstructing the traditional courtyard system of enclosed houses into several independent academy units, corresponding to the teaching needs of different stages of education.
沿场地边界共享功能空间、在首层对城市开放骑楼街道界面以及向社区开放廊道，形成了学校与社区交互的复合界面。设计创造性地提出“书院单元+游廊聚落”的空间模式，将传统围屋的院落体系解构为几个独立书院单元，对应不同学段的教学需求。

The lower grade academy stimulates exploration desire with circular ramp loops and interesting spaces; Middle school academies encourage lively and free running through open color blocking exercise courtyards; The senior academy creates a focused and communicative learning atmosphere through peaceful courtyards and vegetation.
低年级书院以圆形的坡道环路与趣味性空间激发探索欲望；中年级书院通过开阔的拼色运动庭院鼓励活泼自由的奔跑；高年级书院则是通过静谧的庭院与植被，营造专注与交流并重的学习氛围。

At present, it is urgent to repair the fragmented urban blocks left by years of crazy real estate development, and weave them back into complete and livable living spaces. In Longgang District, a high-rise residential area surrounded by urban villages, industrial parks, and city main roads, we have filled in two primary and secondary schools to complete the construction of the entire block. The strong geometric order of Hakka walled houses has become an anchor point to resist homogeneous development in the surrounding areas. The open campus boundaries and interconnected settlements are not only public spaces for children to discover their potential, but also provide space conditions to break through the closed walls of the campus and explore community co operation, allowing the academy to nourish the community and grow together with it.
当下亟需织补多年来疯狂的地产开发遗留下支离破碎的城市街区，将其重新编织成完整、宜居的生活空间。在龙岗区这个被城中村、工业园及城市主干道环绕的高层住宅区，我们把两所中小学填充进来，完成了整体街区的营建。客家围屋般强有力的几何秩序，成为抵御周边同质化开发的锚点。开放的校园边界和内部串联的聚落既是孩子们发现自我潜能的公共空间，也提供了打破校园封闭的围墙界面、探索社区共营的空间条件，让书院滋养社区并与社区共同成长成为可能。