明湖湿地公园

明湖湿地公园
Minghu Wetland Park

Turenscape：项目位于六盘水市，水城河沿岸。任务范围包括河流生态修复、城市开放空间系统升级以及提高城市滨水区土地价值。因此，水城河沿岸的景观恢复为生态基础设施，为该地区提供生态服务。经过近三年的一期工程设计和施工，六盘水市曾经高度污染和渠化的水道已经通过植被和天然堤岸的利用，重新变成了城市的生命线。
Turenscape: The project is situated in Liupanshui City, along the Shuicheng River. The scope of the task includes ecological restoration of the river, the upgrading of urban open space system, as well as increasing the value of urban waterfront land. The landscape along the Shuicheng River is therefore recovered as an ecological infrastructure providing ecological services to the region. After nearly three years of project phase one design and construction, the once highly polluted and channelized waterway of Liupanshui City has been transformed back into the lifeline of the city through the use of vegetation and natural embankments.

Minghu Wetland Park

六盘水位于贵州省西部，云贵高原上。水城河发源于中山山区，流向三岔河。这条13公里长的河流横穿城市，是水城盆地地表水唯一流入的渠道。作为六盘水市的母亲河，它见证了该市在过去几十年中的变化，承载了居民的集体记忆。这座城市历史上被河流环绕，并被命名为水城（水城），或荷叶城。这座城市在雨季看起来像一片漂浮的荷叶，因为河水上涨并包围了它。自农业时代起，水城河就自然蜿蜒流过城市。1966年，随着六盘水工业建设总部的成立，该地区开始大规模工业化、城市化和动员。1975年开工、1980年竣工的水城河改造工程，将水城河完全改造成了一条有混凝土堤坝的直河和河道。由于该地区工业的持续发展和城市人口的增长，渠化河流不再具备通过生态过程进行防洪或自净的能力，从而导致水城河的持续退化。由于污水和废物的严重污染，母亲河失去了魅力。
Liupanshui is located in the west part of Guizhou Province, on the Yungui Plateau. Shuicheng River begins in the mountainous Zhongshan District and flows towards Sancha River. 13 kilometers of the river, which flows across the city, is the only channel into which the surface water is discharge in the Shuicheng Basin. As the Mother River of Liupanshui City, it witnesses how the city has been transformed during past few decades and carried a collective memory of the inhabitants. The city was historically surrounding by the river, and named as Shuicheng (Water City), or Lotus Leave City. The city looked like a floating lotus leave in the rainy season because the river rose and surrounded it. Since the agrarian age, Shuicheng River had naturally meandered across the city. Then in 1966, together with the establishment of Industrial Construction Headquarters in Liupanshui, large-scale industrialization, urbanization and mobilization began in the region. The Shuicheng River Reconstruction project, which started in 1975 and completed in 1980, completely changed the river into a straightened and channelized one with concrete embankment. Resulted from the region’s continuous industrial development and urban population growth, the channelized river no longer has the capacity for flood control or self-purification through ecological processes, which leads to the continuing degradation or Shuicheng River. Badly polluted by sewage and waste, the Mother River lost its charm.

2009年，Turenscape受六盘水市政府委托，负责水城河生态安全格局和生态基础设施的规划设计，以及水城河的生态恢复和景观整治。利用宏观和微观尺度的景观方法，设计师们得以振兴和提升母亲河的生态、休闲和社会价值。
In 2009, Turenscape was commissioned by the Liupanshui Municipal Government to working on the planning and design of the ecological security patterns and ecological infrastructure, and the ecological restoration and landscape renovation of Shuicheng River. Utilizing landscape approaches at both macro and micro scales, the designers have been able to revitalize and upgrade the ecological, recreational and social value of the Mother River.

在宏观层面上，Turenscape关注水城河流域和城市。首先，现有的溪流、鱼塘和低洼地全部融入沿河防洪和生态净化系统，形成一系列不同容量的净化湿地。这种方法不仅有助于城市防洪，而且有助于河水的补给。其次，拆除了渠化河流的混凝土路堤。恢复天然河岸，恢复河岸生态，最大限度地发挥其自净能力。第三，创造连续的行人和自行车道有助于整合城市休闲和生态空间，增加河岸的可达性。最后，该项目将滨水开发和河流修复结合在一起。生态基础设施促进了六盘水城市更新，显著提高了土地价值，增强了城市活力。
At the macro scale, Turenscape focuses on both the Shuicheng River drainage basin and the city. Firstly, existing streams, fishponds and low-lying land are all integrated into the flood control and ecological purification system along the river, forming a series of purification wetlands with different capacities. This approach not only helps with urban flood regulating but also the river water recharging. Secondly, concrete embankment of the channelized river was removed. Natural riverbank was brought back to revitalize the riparian ecology and maximize its self-purification capacity. Thirdly, the creation of the continuous pedestrian and bicycle paths helps to integrate the urban recreational and ecological space, increasing the accessibility of the riverfront. Lastly, the project combines waterfront development and river restoration together. Ecological infrastructure catalyzes the urban renewal of Liupanshui City, significantly increases the land value and enhances the urban vitality.

在微观尺度上，根据总体规划的总体目标，设计方法侧重于河流的每个特定部分。项目一期占地31.2公顷，包括河道生态修复，以及创建明湖湿地公园。设计师们利用15-20米宽的绿道和沿河的海拔变化，创造了一个梯田式的河岸景观，实现了生态恢复。在湿地公园的设计方面，设计师利用了现场的地形特征以及现有的鱼塘系统，创建了一个梯田湿地系统，用于水净化，特别是收集、控制和净化从山区流下的溪流。此外，横跨湿地的一座名为“钢虹”的人行天桥被建成一座地标，以展示该市作为中国西南部重要的煤炭和钢铁生产工业基地的悠久历史。最后，设计提倡杂草之美和低碳景观。本地物种需要低维护，在现场广泛使用。该项目以美丽的野花田和六盘水市复兴的母亲河为例，展示了如何在新时代协调人与自然的关系。
At the micro scale, the design approach focused on each specific sections of the river according to the general goal of the master plan. Phase one of this project covers an area of 31.2 hectares, which includes ecological restoration of the channelized river, as well as the creation of Minghu Wetland Park. The designers took advantage of the 15 to 20-meter wide greenway and the elevation change along the river, creating a terraced riverfront landscape, realized the ecological restoration. In terms of the design of the wetland park, the designer utilized the topographical feature on site as well as the existing fishponds system, creating a terraced wetland system for water purification, especially collecting, controlling as well as purifying the streams coming down the mountainous area. Moreover, across the wetland, a pedestrian bridge named “Steel Rainbow” was created as a landmark to manifest the city’s long history as an important industrial base for coal and steel production in southwest China. Lastly, the design advocates the beauty of weeds and low carbon landscape. Native species, which requires low maintenance, are extensively used on site. With beautiful wildflower field and the revitalized Mother River of Liupanshui City, the project exemplified how to harmonize the relationship between human and nature in a new era.

Landscape Architecture: Turenscape
Project Location: Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province
Project Size: Concept design—90ha, Construction Design—31.2ha
Date of Design: Semptember, 2009-April, 2011
Date of Completion: 2012-8
Owner/Client: Liupanshui Municipality