达芬-希珀斯大桥

达芬-希珀斯大桥
Dafne Schippers Bridge

The Dafne Schippers Bridge over the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal in Utrecht has been opened to the public early in April. The team of Bureau B+B, NEXT Architects and Rudy Uytenhaak Architectenbureau designed a landmark bicycle and pedestrian suspension bridge.

A cohesive design

达芬-希珀斯大桥将乌得勒支的莱德什-里恩新区与历史悠久的市中心连接起来。莱德什-里恩是目前最重要的开发地点之一，以适应城市的发展，与市中心相隔的阿姆斯特丹莱茵河运河横穿城市。为了使这个新的地区对现在和未来的居民具有吸引力，需要通过阿姆斯特丹莱茵河运河建立一条快速而安全的连接线。乌得勒支市决定了它的位置：在维克多雨果公园的最高峰。此时，可以在中心和新区之间划出一条清晰的界线。然而，也存在一些值得注意的挑战：在市中心一侧，桥梁位于Al的Oog密集建筑区；就在两所小学所在的地方。
The Dafne Schippers Bridge connects Utrecht’s new district of Leidsche Rijn with the historic city centre. Leidsche Rijn is currently one of the most important development location to accommodate the city’s growth and is separated by the centre by the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal that cuts across the city. To make this new area attractive to present and future inhabitants, a fast and safe connection over the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal is needed. The City of Utrecht decided on its location: at the height of the Victor Hugo Park. At this point it is possible to draw one clear line between the centre and the new district. There were, however, some notable challenges: on the city-centre side, the bridge lands in the densely build neighbourhood of Oog in Al; and on the exact spot where two elementary schools were standing.

Dafne Schippers Bridge

5.基础设施和环境部需要保护穿越阿姆斯特丹莱茵运河的航线。这是荷兰连接港口城市阿姆斯特丹和莱茵河的主要航运干线之一。
The design responds to these challenges by integrating the cycle and pedestrian bridge with a new school and the public park, forming one single cohesive design. This demanded intense cooperation between the architects, the bridge designer and the landscape architect. By approaching all the different elements within the project in an integral manner, the bridge’s design is able to simultaneously satisfy the different interests that are at play in this complex site:
1. The inhabitants of the neighbourhood Oog in Al, where the bridge lands on the roof of the school. The inhabitants of this densely build area want the green public space in their neighbourhood to be maintained and improved. In addition they want to ensure a safe traffic-situation
2. The cyclists, need a comfortable and fast route from Leidsche Rijn to the centre of Utrecht. To this end, the bicycle lane should not be too steep.
3. The city of Utrecht, wants to improve the infrastructural connection between the city centre and Leidsche Rijn, especially for cyclist, thereby contributing to the city’s sustainability ambitions.
4. The school, needs a safe environment to learn and to play
5. Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, needs to safeguard the shipping route across the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal. This is one of the main shipping arteries in the Netherlands connecting the port city of Amsterdam to the Rhine river.

双重土地利用和最大的绿化空间使达夫内-施皮普斯大桥独一无二，不仅是一座桥梁，也是一个邻里空间。当骑自行车的人从乌得勒支市中心前往莱德什-瑞恩区时，一条长长的弯道将他们带向上，穿过维克多-雨果公园，穿过一所学校屋顶上的花园，学校屋顶上的这条环线有一个很大的优势，可以给自行车道增加额外的长度，从而最大限度地降低坡道的陡度。平均倾角为2.56%，最大倾角为4.05%，X系数为5.07，路段平坦，环路是一条通向桥梁的符合要求的自行车道。Dafne Schippers大桥每天都会让7000多名骑自行车的人在Leidsche Rijn和乌得勒支市中心之间的路线上获得更多的时间。
The double land use with maximum space for greenery makes the Dafne Schippers Bridge unique, not just as a bridge but also as a space for the neighbourhood. When cyclists make their way from the center of Utrecht to the Leidsche Rijn district, a long bend takes them upwards through the Victor Hugo park, passing the garden on the roof of a school, and heading between the trees towards a panoramic view across the canal.This loop over the school’s roof has the big advantage to give the bicycle path extra length to minimize the ramp’s steepness for its users. With an average inclination of 2,56%, a maximum inclination of 4,05%, an X-factor of 5,07 and a flat segment, the loop is a conformable bicycle trail leading to the bridge. On a daily basis, the Dafne Schippers Bridge will allow more than 7,000 cyclists to gain much time on their route between Leidsche Rijn and Utrecht’s city center.

Landscape integration

达芬-希珀斯大桥被绿色植物覆盖着。绿色的屋顶、绿色的草坪和绿色的树木将桥梁和学校与周围环境融为一体。其中一个主要目标是尽可能保持原有公园的规模。幸运的是，我们设法保留了大部分现存的树木。除此之外，我们还添加了一些开花木兰。公园是一个连续的绿色空间，精心整合了所有新元素。自行车环路内的碗状区域需要特别注意。环路可以通过校园附近桥下的一个开口进入。碗里有一个阳光明媚的运动场。这使得碗成为整个综合体的独特部分。学校建筑的形状为孩子们创造了一个安全封闭的操场。学校宽阔的一侧将公园与运河隔开。学校和校园显然朝向公园。因为桥下东侧的建筑较窄，这是主入口最自然的地方。与街道对齐，这是一个可以看到的接吻和骑马的地方。重新设计的公园作为一个绿色和充满活力的公共空间，使桥梁成为社区的一部分。
The Dafne Schippers bridge is cloaked in greenery. Green rooftops, green lawns and green trees merge the bridge and the school with its surroundings. One of the main goals was to keep the original park as big as possible. Luckily, we managed to spare most existing trees. Besides that, we added some flowering magnolias. The park is a continuous green space that carefully integrates all the new elements. The bowl-shaped area within the bicycle loop demanded extra attention. The loop can be accessed by an opening under the bridge near the schoolyard. Inside the bowl lies a sunny sport court. This makes the bowl a distinctive part of the entire complex. The shape of the school building creates a safe and enclosed playground for the children. The wide side of the school closes off the park from the canal. The school and the schoolyard are clearly oriented towards the park. Because the building is narrower on the east side under the bridge, this is the most natural place for the main entrance. Aligned with the street, it is a visible place to kiss and ride. The redesigned park functions as a green and vibrant public space, making the bridge an integrated part of the neighborhood.

Data

建设年份：2016-2017
Landscape Architecture: Bureau B+B Urbanism and Landscape Architecture
Other design firms involved: NEXT architects, rudy uytenhaak + partners architecten (bridge and school building)
Project location: Victor Hugoplantsoen, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Design year: 2013-2016
Year Built: 2016-2017