希腊雅典城市中心的思索玫瑰林

Towards a new city centre

位置：希腊雅典

内容：实景照片

图片：11张

希腊雅典城市中心的思索第1张图片

景观设计：Okra Landschaps architecten, Mixst Urbanisme, Wageningen University, Studio 75, Wsgreentechnologies Gmbh
景观时间：2013
图片来源：MIXST urbanisme .

这是由Okra Landschaps architecten等设计师对于希腊雅典新城市中心的思索。
这是一个挑战，将雅典的中心，改造成为一个真正的当代大都市中心，需要将城市三角彻底的改造，使其充满生命力。需要将这里变成一个适合步行的城市，尽量减少机动车辆的交通，建立一个充满活力、绿色和通畅的市中心。
设想中提到了“弹性城市”一词，弹性策略包括降低城市热度，以及改善热舒适性（绿化遮光的自然冷却公共领域，制造绿色的屋顶和外墙，清凉的林荫路面等）的具体态度，减少空气污染，减少能源的使用和解决污水问题（雨水保留灌溉）。谈到城市的三角形转化成绿色框架，连接这个框架的绿色山丘围绕着全市中心，来缓解城市热。考虑到植物的良好生存条件对于减少热是至关重要的，因此雅典市绿化战略与水战略相结合，收集地表盆地内、屋顶上或其他地方的雨水，用于灌溉。
设计还考虑到“无障碍城市”——绿色的框架将被视为一个统一的网络，覆盖所有的公共领域，连接相邻的居民区。恢复行走体验的连续性。重新恢复公众交通，如新电车。新电车线路的明确和现实的一部分宏伟的空间，它有利于目标的凝聚力。在整体设计上，有有四个特征鲜明的地方：宪法广场和Ommonia广场将成为两个绿色的城市广场。 Dikaiosynis广场将成为一个城市间的绿色。从Panepistimou街中间，到城市公园，连同大学园区，成为一条绿色走廊。
该设计力图打造一个充满活力的城市 – 中心区将从原来单一的“'街道”，“林荫大道”，逐渐加入诱人的空间。其中各种小型的中心，包括希腊哲学，科学，戏剧和艺术。在公共领域，还有随之而来的露天小剧场。在新的设计中，提高临街大众活动的积极性，建立环境建设和公共领域之间的联系。
以上一系列的设想，都是为了在著名的雅典市中心，创造结合绿色和人类的脊椎，为提高市民生活质量做出贡献。

译者：温冷清秋

Challenges – Changing the heart of Athens into a true contemporary metropolitan city centre requires transformation of the city triangle into a lively part of the city. Newly gained space, as a result of the major step towards a walkable city by reducing car traffic in this area, can be transformed into a vibrant, green and accessible heart of the city. We will take contemporary ideas on climate control, reduction of vehicular movement and programming public realm one step beyond: into an integrated proposal, creating a resilient, accessible and vibrant city, not just limited by its project borders, but linking this area to its adjacent areas and being a catalyst for the whole city.
Resilient City – Panepistimiou will be transformed into a green spine, central in a green network, providing shade and shelter. The resilient strategy includes specific attitudes towards reducing the urban heat and improving thermal comfort (natural cooling by greening and shading public realm, green roofs and facades, cool pavement), reducing air pollution, decreasing energy use and resolving water issues (storm water retention and irrigation). Turning the city triangle into a green framework, transforming its corners into green areas, and connecting this framework to the green hills around the city centre results in mitigation of urban heat not just limited to Panepistimiou but having its effects on the Metropolitan Centre. A greening strategy for Athens is combined with a water strategy, since a good condition of plantings is crucial to contribute to heat reduction. Capturing rainwater in underground basins, on top of roofs or elsewhere helps to keep the water in the area. Besides the technical solutions, water will be used in a poetical way, by referring to the underground Eridanos river.
Accessible city -.The green framework will be treated as a coherent network of public realm in all directions and linking the adjacent neighbourhoods, having its highlight on Panepistimiou. Restoration of the continuities of the crossing streets creates continuity in the walking experience. By making the new tramline clear and present and part of the grandeur of the space it contributes to the aimed cohesion. In fact, Panepistimiou provides Shared space 2.0, a combination between ‘flux’ and ‘relax’. The design has four characteristic places: Syntagma and Ommonia Square will become two green urban squares, with prominent lush water elements. Dikaiosynis Square will become a green urban room, combing installing a fountain house in an empty building linked to activities in a shaded forecourt. In the middle of Panepistimou Street, a green ensemble ties the university together into an urban park.
Vibrant city – Panepistimiou will change from ‘street’ to ‘boulevard’, by adding inviting spaces to stay to the linear space. Occupying and transforming ground floors, we introduce the concept of the theatre of 1000 rooms towards vacant buildings, organizing cultural events and shift focal points who will create a new vibrant atmosphere. Programs are relates to Greek philosophy, science, drama and art. In public realm there will come small open-air podia for outdoor initiatives. An ‘encroachment zone’ will improve active frontages and create linkages between the built environment and public realm. On a smaller scale the architectural interventions of kiosks will not only focus on commercial space, but some will provide facilities such as ‘waterkiosks’ or a toy library. Interactive decorative light in public realm will give the right atmosphere during evening hours.
By doing this we believe that the project tackles the anonymous space in the heart of Athens and demonstrates that urban vibrancy can be combined with creating a green and pedestrian friendly spine, contributing to quality of life and living in Athens.