Kalsholmen 安全屋 / Rintala Eggertsson Architects + Studio NN

建筑设计 / 医疗建筑 2025-11-20 20:28

Kalsholmen Safe House/Rintala Eggertsson Architects+Studio NN
Kalsholmen 安全屋 / Rintala Eggertsson Architects + Studio NN

项目亮点:这座位于挪威北海岸 Kalsholmen 岛上的安全屋,展现了对极端环境的深刻理解和对可持续性的极致追求。建筑师巧妙地将四个睡眠避难所和桑拿浴室连接,形成一个受保护的中心空间,以应对严酷的自然条件。设计采用了低矮而贴近地面的策略,既能抵御强风暴的侵袭,又避免了被涨潮卷走的风险。这种对环境的敬畏和对人类生存需求的精准把握,是项目最引人入胜之处。此外,项目选用了最简单的木结构材料,易于建造和维护,并能与周围环境融为一体,最大程度地减少了对岛屿生态系统的干扰。

设计精髓:项目的精髓在于其“在地性”的体现和“极简主义”的实践。整个设计过程完全基于现场体验,没有草图,所有决策都在 1:1 的比例下进行。这种“因地制宜”的设计手法,使得建筑与环境完美融合,而非简单地叠加。项目所使用的材料和建造方式都力求简单和自然,避免了任何不可持续的材料,从而实现了对环境的最小化影响。这种对材料的节制和对设计的纯粹追求,赋予了建筑一种质朴而强大的生命力。安全屋不仅是一个庇护所,更是一种人与自然和谐共生的象征。

可持续性与创新:Kalsholmen 安全屋在可持续性方面树立了典范。它不仅体现在选材上,更体现在设计理念和建造方式上。项目强调对现有环境的尊重和保护,通过低影响的设计策略,实现了与自然的共生。这种可持续性不仅仅是环保,更是对人类生存的一种思考。值得一提的是,项目采用了工作坊的形式,在没有水和电的条件下,完成了设计和建造。这是一种创新,它挑战了传统的设计和建造模式,激发了人们对建筑的全新理解,并为类似环境下的建筑提供了宝贵的经验。

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

Kalsholmen Island is located on the northern coastline of Norway: a barren rock in the vast ocean with a small white lighthouse on top. In 1917, a storm destroyed the lighthouse originally located on a nearby island. After this tragedy, a new lighthouse was built on Kalsholmen Island in 1919. In 1993, the lighthouse was automated and dismantled, and now it only occasionally receives visitors when weather conditions permit.
挪威北部海岸线上坐落着 Kalsholmen 岛:一个在辽阔海洋中的贫瘠岩石,其顶部有一座小小的白色灯塔。在 1917 年,风暴摧毁了最初位于附近岛屿上的灯塔。在这场悲剧之后,于 1919 年在 Kalsholmen 岛上建造了一座新的灯塔。1993 年,灯塔实现了自动化,并被拆除,如今只有在天气允许的情况下,灯塔才会偶尔接待游客。

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

总平面图

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

The safe house consists of four sleep shelters and a sauna, all connected together to form a central protected space. This space strives to create a safe and comfortable microclimate on the exposed island, low and close to the ground to prevent being blown away by winter storms, but also pulled high enough to prevent being swept away by rising tides. The building structure is simple, consisting only of 2x3 and 2x8 wooden components. It is easy to maintain and over time, it will turn gray and blend with the surrounding bedrock. Due to being entirely constructed of solid wood, it will not introduce any unsustainable materials to the island. The goal of the entire project is to minimize the impact on the environment as much as possible, both physically and visually.
该安全屋由四个睡眠避难所和一个桑拿浴室组成,全部连接在一起形成中心的一个受保护空间。这个空间力求在裸露的小岛上创造一个安全舒适的小气候,它低矮并紧贴地面,以防被冬季的风暴吹走,但又被拉高到足够高,以防被涨潮卷走。建筑结构简单,仅由 2x3 和 2x8 的木构件组成。它易于维护,而且随着时间的推移,它会变成灰色并与周围的基岩融为一体。由于完全由实木建造,它不会向岛屿引入任何不可持续的材料。整个项目的目标是尽可能地减少对环境的影响,无论是在物理上还是视觉上。

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

平面图

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

This project was developed during a 2+2-week design and construction workshop in collaboration with Studio NN in early summer 2021. Through a wholehearted on-site design process, no sketches were drawn. All decisions are based on actual on-site experience, and all dimensions have been studied in a 1:1 ratio. On an island without water and electricity, the project provides a place for people to sleep, cook, and stay warm by the bonfire, accompanied by the ever-changing and constantly fluctuating ocean. The nearest continent is over 20 kilometers away, and from the perspective of the island, there are no traces of human intervention.
该项目是在 2021 年初夏与 Studio NN 合作进行的 2+2 周的设计和建造工作坊中开发的。通过全心全意的现场设计过程,没有绘制任何一张草图。所有的决策都是基于现场的实际体验,并且所有尺寸都在 1:1 的比例上进行了研究。在一个没有水和电的岛上,该项目提供了一个地方供人们睡觉、做饭,并在火堆旁保持温暖,同时伴随着海洋的多变和不断波动的时刻。距离最近的大陆超过 20 公里,从岛上的视角看,没有任何人类干预的痕迹。

文本由建筑师提供

译者:赵玮昕

© Sami Rintala, Navid Navid, Harald Seljesæter

Kalsholmen 安全屋 / Rintala Eggertsson Architects + Studio NN