阿梅莉亚·图卢姆住宅 / Sordo Madaleno Arquitectos

Amelia Tulum Residence/Sordo Madalino Arquitectos
阿梅莉亚·图卢姆住宅 / Sordo Madaleno Arquitectos

设计理念与环境融合：阿梅莉亚·图卢姆住宅项目最令人称道之处在于其对环境的尊重和对当地文脉的深刻理解。设计团队巧妙地将建筑融入了图卢姆特有的自然环境中。通过抬高建筑、减少占地面积，以及引入大量的原生植被，项目成功地减少了对现有生态环境的冲击。这种设计理念并非仅仅停留在形式层面，而是深入到材料选择和建造工艺中。项目大量采用了当地材料，如chukum涂层、tzalam木材和jiles编织，体现了对当地文化的尊重和对可持续发展的承诺。这种对环境的敏感性和整体性考量，使得建筑与周围环境和谐共生。

空间布局与光影的巧妙运用：该项目在空间布局上展现了极高的创造力，将公共空间与私人空间巧妙结合。通过棋盘状的体量交织，形成了丰富的开放空间，如花园、露台和庭院。这些空间不仅为住户提供了宜人的休闲场所，更重要的是，它们将自然引入了建筑内部，营造出一种独特的自然氛围。光影的运用是项目的另一大亮点。设计团队充分利用图卢姆地区强烈的阳光，通过精心设计的遮阳系统和开放空间，创造出富有变化的光影效果，既控制了阳光的直射，又提升了建筑的视觉表现力。这种对光线的巧妙运用，使得建筑在热带气候下依然保持着舒适宜人的居住环境。

可持续性与本土化的完美结合：阿梅莉亚·图卢姆住宅项目在可持续性和本土化方面也做得非常出色。项目在被动式节能设计方面下足了功夫，例如，通过植被屋檐、天然编织屏风和jiles搭建的凉亭等手段，有效地减少了太阳热增益，并最大化了气流流通，从而降低了建筑的能耗。同时，项目大量采用当地材料和手工艺技术，不仅减少了对环境的破坏，也促进了当地经济的发展。这种可持续设计理念贯穿于整个项目的始终，从选材到建造，都体现了设计师对环境和文化的尊重，使得建筑成为一个真正意义上的“绿色”建筑，完美地诠释了可持续建筑的精髓。

The Amelia Tulum residential project is located in Aldea Zam á, one of the fastest-growing urban areas in Riviera Maya, which requires special attention due to its natural wells (cenotes) and forests. The project aims to integrate with the natural environment and blend the building into the jungle.
阿梅利亚图卢姆住宅项目位于里维埃拉玛雅（Riviera Maya）增长最快的城市区域之一——阿尔迪亚扎马（Aldea Zamá）内，该地区因拥有天然井（cenotes）和丛林而需要格外关注。项目旨在与自然环境融为一体，让建筑融入丛林。

一层平面图

The concept of the Amelia Tulum residential project stems from respect for the local climate, terrain, and natural conditions of native vegetation. The proposed building aims to minimize its impact on the land by elevating the building above ground level to reduce its footprint, similar to the coexistence of elevated buildings with their natural environment. This decision defines the aesthetic characteristics of the entire complex.
阿梅利亚图卢姆住宅项目的理念源于对当地气候、地形和原生植被自然条件的尊重。拟建建筑力求对土地的影响降到最低，通过将建筑抬升于地面之上以减少占地面积，这与高架房屋与其自然环境的共存方式相似。这一决定定义了整个综合体的美学特征。

On the entire plot, the first three sections accommodate a carefully selected commercial project that coexists with residential development, while the upper three levels interweave in opposite directions to form a chessboard pattern, with an open space in the middle forming a terrace.
在整个地块上，前三部分容纳了一个精选的商业项目，该项目与住宅开发并存，而上面的三层则以相反的方向相互交织，形成一个棋盘图案，在中间开放空间形成露台。

Due to the interrelationships between the various volumes, these open spaces have become gardens, terraces, and courtyards, aimed at creating a specific natural atmosphere that allows nature to dominate the building and make these public areas livable, as if they were extensions of private areas. At the same time, through the clever use of light and shadow, the strong sunlight is fully utilized and controlled.
由于各体量之间的相互关系，这些开放空间变成了花园、露台和庭院，旨在营造出特定的自然氛围，让自然成为建筑的主导，使这些公共区域变得宜居，仿佛它们是私人区域的延伸。同时，通过光影的巧妙运用，充分利用并控制强烈的阳光照射。

The 38 apartments range in size from 90 square meters to 150 square meters, all with terraces and bedrooms with independent entrances, and share the top floor. The top floor offers outdoor facilities such as a rooftop bar, hammocks, swimming pool, sun lounge chairs, and barbecue grill.
38 套公寓面积从 90 平方米到 150 平方米不等，均设有露台和带独立入口的卧室，并共享顶层，顶层提供户外设施，如屋顶酒吧、吊床、游泳池、日光躺椅和烧烤架。

One of the biggest challenges in building in the tropical climate of Tulum is reducing solar heat gain and maximizing airflow to keep the building cool. Various passive systems, such as vegetated eaves above windows, protective devices with natural woven screens, and pavilions built with jiles (a local type of wood that can be processed like fibers), constitute the main sustainable features of the complex.
在图卢姆的热带气候中建造的最大挑战之一是减少太阳热增益并最大化气流以保持建筑凉爽。各种被动系统，如窗户上方的带植被的屋檐、带天然编织屏风的防护装置和 jiles （当地一种可以像纤维一样加工的木材）搭建的凉亭，构成了该综合体的主要可持续特征。

The landscape design is mainly based on native vegetation, which surrounds various sections of the building, occupies internal corridors, and interweaves with each other along the bottom layer. During the construction period, most of the existing vegetation will be protected in temporary nurseries before being transplanted into the building.
景观设计以原生植被为主，原生植被环绕建筑的各个板块，占据内部走廊，并沿着底层相互交织。在施工期间，大部分现有植被将在临时苗圃中得到保护，然后再移植到建筑中。

The main structure adopts a combination of reinforced concrete and post tensioned prestressed floor system, while other materials and finishes are made using local handicraft techniques, which also promotes the integration of the local economy into the construction process. All indoor surfaces are decorated with chukum, a smooth cement-based coating made from local tree sap; Use tzalam wood that is resistant to sunlight and moisture; All the grids are woven by local craftsmen using jiles.
主体结构采用钢筋混凝土与后张预应力楼板系统相结合，而其他材料和饰面则采用当地手工艺技术，这也促进了当地经济融入建设过程。所有室内表面均采用 chukum 饰面，chukum 是一种由当地树木树液制成的光滑水泥基涂层；使用抗阳光和抗潮湿的 tzalam 木材；所有格子均由当地工匠用 jiles 编织而成。