烟台城市科技职业学院二期 / 超城建筑

Yantai City Science and Technology Vocational College Phase II/Super City Architecture
烟台城市科技职业学院二期 / 超城建筑

项目总览与理念转变： 烟台城市科技职业学院二期项目，其设计核心在于响应时代变革，拥抱“以学生为本”的教育理念。项目摒弃了传统的中心式校园布局，转而采用“多中心、社群式”的开放街区模式。这不仅仅是建筑形式的改变，更体现了对未来校园发展趋势的深刻理解。从知识传授到知识生产的转变，从集中式学术传承到分布式协同创新的变革，推动了校园从“象牙塔”向“知识超市”的演变。设计师将学生视为知识的生产者，将校园管理重心从教师转移到学生。这种转变在规划中得以体现，通过开放空间鼓励互动，促进学生之间的交流与合作，打破了学科界限，为创新提供了更多可能性。

校园空间规划与设计策略： 项目在规划上采用了“多中心、社群式”的开放街区模式，通过这种方式打破了传统校园的封闭感，营造出充满活力和共享的校园氛围。设计师将校园视为一个“城市”，将生活、教育和校园规划紧密结合。这种设计策略体现在对交通流线的重新规划上，强化步行体验，减缓机动车速度，提升校园生活的品质。同时，各个建筑单元围合形成的内院空间，与外部空间相连，成为校园开放空间的重要组成部分。这种空间组织方式打破了传统内部封闭空间与外部开放空间的界限，促进了不同学院和专业之间的交流与合作，从而提升了校园的整体活力，创造了一个更加开放、共享和充满活力的学习和生活环境。

食堂与景观设计： 食堂的设计是该项目的一大亮点，它不再仅仅是一个提供餐饮的场所，而是被赋予了“校园生活发生器”的功能。通过开放式交往空间与封闭式功能空间的结合，食堂内部设计了连廊、广场、内院和屋顶花园等多种空间，为学生提供了丰富多样的活动场所。这种设计促进了公共交往，激发了面对面的交流，使得食堂成为了校园生活的中心。景观设计方面，项目延续了开放街区的理念，构建了自由流畅的校园环境。林荫大道、步行优先的内部道路，以及不同功能区域之间的景观联系，都体现了对学生体验的重视。广场和绿地的设计，既满足了日常活动的需求，也为节日庆典提供了场所。通过细节上的考虑，如无障碍设计，体现了设计的以人为本和对多样化需求的关怀，最终创造了一个充满活力、开放和友好的校园空间。

1.Project Overview

Yantai City University of Science and Technology is located in Fushan District, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China.. The project site is approximately trapezoidal, with a length of about 600 meters from east to west and 400 meters from north to south. The south side of the base is adjacent to the completed Phase I project, with a planned land area of 351 acres. Together with the 150 acres of Phase I land, Yantai City University of Science and Technology with a land scale of 501 acres will be established. There are currently five completed buildings in Phase II-1 on the site, including a library located in the center, as well as two teaching buildings, a sports hall, and a dormitory building. The total construction area is approximately 60000 square meters. Before the implementation of Phase II-2, adjustments were made to the overall campus planning of Phase 2. Its main task is to make overall adjustments to the original planning scheme within the 351 acre land area of Phase II, based on the five completed buildings and some road networks, to transform it into a student-centered, open campus environment. To embody the school's new educational philosophy of "student-centered, learning everywhere, and innovation everywhere". The entire construction of Phase II-2 will be implemented in stages, with a total of 6 main buildings completed in this phase, including one cafeteria, four dormitories, and one equestrian venue. The total construction area is about 88000 square meters, of which the above ground construction area is about 80000 square meters.
1.项目概况

烟台城市科技学院位于中国山东省烟台市福山区。项目用地近似梯形，东西长约 600 米，南北长约 400 米。基地南侧紧邻已建成的一期工程，规划用地面积共 351 亩，与一期 150 亩用地共同组建 501 亩用地规模的烟台城市科技学院。场地内现有二期-1 已建成的建筑五栋，包括位于中心位置的图书馆，以及两栋教学楼，一栋体育馆和一栋宿舍楼。建筑面积共约 60000 平方米。二期-2 在实施前首先对 2 期的校园总体规划做出了调整。其主要任务是在二期 351 亩的用地范围内，在已建成的五栋建筑和部分路网的基础上，对原规划方案进行总体性的调整，使其转变为以学生为主导的，开放式的校园环境。以体现学校的“以学生为本、无处不学习、无处不创新”的教育新理念。二期-2 的全部建筑将分阶段实施，本阶段共完工 6 栋主体建筑，包括：食堂一栋，宿舍四栋以及马术馆一栋。总建筑面积约 88000 平方米，其中地上建筑面积约 80000 平方米。

2.Adjustments to the original plan: Campus planning is student-centered

In the contemporary society of knowledge sharing and information openness, the functions and social roles of universities are undergoing a dramatic transformation: from knowledge transmission to knowledge production, from centralized academic inheritance to distributed collaborative innovation.. The transformation of campus - from ivory tower to "knowledge supermarket"; The transformation of students - from apprentices to knowledge producers; The transformation of management - from teacher centered to student-centered.
2. 对原规划的调整：校园规划以学生为中心

在知识共享与信息开放的当代社会，大学的功能与社会角色正在经历剧烈地转型：从知识传授到知识生产，从集中式学术传承到分布式协同创新的转型。校园的转型——从象牙塔到“知识超市”；学生的转型——从学徒到知识生产者；管理的转型——从以教师为中心到以学生为中心。

The mobile and open information network has made libraries no longer have an irreplaceable core function of imparting knowledge, while ubiquitous public spaces organically integrate learning and life, work and leisure. Breaking down the barriers between disciplines and majors, collaborative and interdisciplinary knowledge innovation has become the core function of universities. Therefore, the adjustment of the original plan will shift from a centralized cross axis centered around the library to a multi center, community-based open campus space.
流动与开放的信息网络使得图书馆不再具有无可替代的知识传授的核心功能，而无处不在的公共空间则将学习与生活、工作与休闲有机地整合在一起。打破了学科与专业的壁垒，使得协同与交叉的知识创新成为大学的核心功能。因此对原规划的调整将从以图书馆为中心的十字轴线集中式转变为多中心、社群式的开放校园空间。

3.Design Strategy: Design university campuses like cities

The new plan emphasizes the integration of life, education, and campus planning.
. The university campus is the most important stage in a student's life before entering society. For most students, it is a transitional stage from a family oriented introverted lifestyle to an urban oriented extroverted lifestyle. University campuses have the social function of guiding students on how to become responsible and qualified citizens. Therefore, designing university campuses like designing cities has become the primary strategy of this plan. The original plan had the library as the geometric center of the campus, with the widest main road running through the campus in a cross axis. This plan was oriented towards prioritizing motor vehicles. The new version of the overall layout retains the original main entrance position of the campus while adding a slow traffic system, emphasizing the walking experience within the campus, which is conducive to reducing the speed of motor vehicles and improving the quality of campus life. The overall flow line forms a circular line along the campus wall, with a certain degree of pedestrian and vehicular diversion inside.
3. 设计策略：像设计城市一样设计大学校园

新方案同时注重将生活、教育与校园规划相结合。大学校园是学生进入社会前的最重要的人生阶段。对于大多数学生都是从家庭式内向型生活向城市外向型生活转变的过渡阶段。大学校园具有引导学生如何成为一名有责任心的合格市民的社会功能。因此，要像设计城市一样设计大学校园成为该规划的首要策略。原规划方案以图书馆为校园的几何中心，最宽的主路呈十字轴线贯穿校园，该方案是以机动车优先为导向的。新版总图流线保留原有校园主要入口位置不变的前提下，增加了慢行系统，更加强调校园内的步行体验，有利于机动车降速和提高校园生活品质。整体流线实现沿校园围墙形成环线，内部以步行为主的一定程度上的人车分流。

4.SpacePlanning: "Multi center, community-based" open blocks

The new campus planning adopts "multi center, community-based" open blocks to organize the layout of building functions and create an "open, green, shared, and dynamic" campus life.. The basic building units that make up the block are in the shape of a mouth, with the enclosed inner courtyard space connected to the external space, becoming an organic component of the campus open space. Even in enclosed student dormitories, the inner courtyard can still be freely accessed through an open foyer. The spatial planning of the entire campus breaks the traditional definition of internal enclosed space and external open space, and is divided into two main parts: open communication space and closed functional space. Closed functional spaces ensure differentiated functions, while open communication spaces organically combine these differentiated functional spaces into communities. The squares, streets, and gardens distributed within the campus constitute multiple centers of the "city" block, while the open courtyards of each building form a community space that is similar in form but diverse in content.
4. 空间规划：“多中心、社群式”的开放街区

新的校园规划采用“多中心、社群式”的开放街区来组织建筑功能布局，营造“开放、绿色、共享、活力”的校园生活。构成街区的基本建筑单元的形态为口字形，其中围合的内院空间与外部空间相连接，成为校园开放空间的有机组成部分。即使是封闭式管理的学生宿舍，其内院通过开放的门厅仍然可以自由出入。整个校园的空间规划打破了传统的内部封闭空间与外部开放空间的界定，而是被划分为开放式交往空间与封闭式功能空间两大部分。封闭式功能空间保证了差异性的功能，开放式交往空间则将这些差异性的功能空间有机地组成了社群。分布在校园内的广场、街道与花园等构成了“城市”街区的多个中心，而每一栋建筑的开放内院，则构成了形式类似而内容多样的社区空间。

The four dormitory buildings on the southwest side of the campus, along with the existing library and gymnasium, together form the 'vibrant neighborhood'. The two dormitory buildings on the north side of the campus, along with the cafeteria and the existing dormitory, together form the 'Campus Farm Block'. The two dormitories on the northeast side of the campus, along with five teaching, training, and office buildings, a first level equestrian arena, and an existing teaching building, form the "Campus Square Block". The two teaching buildings on the southeast side of the campus, together with the existing teaching building, form the "tree lined avenue block" and become an important spatial node connecting Phase 2 and Phase 1. Each block has a core public space and diverse functions, breaking the single goal functional zoning and promoting communication and collaboration between different colleges and majors. The library, teaching building, gymnasium, equestrian arena, and campus farm will jointly constitute an important carrier of university life and education.
校园西南侧的 4 栋宿舍楼与已建成图书馆及体育馆共同构成了“活力街区”。校园北侧的 2 栋宿舍楼与食堂以及原有的一栋宿舍共同构成“校园农场街区”。校园东北侧的两栋宿舍与 5 栋教学、实训、办公楼一级马术馆和已有的一栋教学楼共同组成了“校园广场街区”。校园东南侧的两栋教学楼与现有的一栋教学楼共同构成了“林荫大道街区”，并成为 2 期连接 1 期的重要空间节点。每个街区都拥有核心的公共空间以及多样性的功能，打破了单一目标的功能分区，促进了不同学院与专业之间的交流与协同，图书馆、教学楼、体育馆、马术馆与校园农场将共同构成大学生活教育的重要载体。

5.Cafeteria: Campus Life Generator

The newly designed cafeteria is located adjacent to the north gate of the campus, with 4 floors above ground and 1 floor underground, with an above ground building area of approximately 14100 square meters.. A continuous set of stairs is embedded in the south facade and extends to the east facade, connecting the first to fourth floors together. This space has become an embedded part of the campus open communication space into the cafeteria cube. This space is not only used as a staircase, but is composed of a set of different prototypes from urban public spaces, including a corridor, a small square on the second floor, an inner courtyard on the third floor, and a rooftop garden on the fourth floor. Therefore, this cube shaped cafeteria consists of two parts: an open communication space and a closed functional space. The enclosed functional space provides breakfast, lunch, and dinner services for thousands of students throughout the school. Open communication spaces provide important space for the formation of campus community life. This diverse set of spaces includes indoor space, outdoor space, and semi outdoor space, which are connected together to form an outward oriented living space in the city. At different times of the day, this place will be fully utilized to host open lectures, flea markets, club activities, birthday parties, course exhibitions, project promotions, and even dances and outdoor movies. The function of the cafeteria goes beyond the basic attribute of having three meals a day and has become a campus life generator that stimulates public interaction and promotes face-to-face communication. In architectural language, the overall structure of a building presents the materiality of space through the cutting of space and the dissection of specific parts. The volume covered by the handmade exterior wall paint is cut open, and the cut inner surface is covered with aluminum plates, presenting a smooth and material space. The function here is public communication.
5. 食堂：校园生活发生器

新设计的食堂紧邻校园北门，地上 4 层，地下 1 层，地上建筑面积约 14100 平方米。一组连续的楼梯内嵌在南立面上并延申到东立面之上，将首层至 4 层连接在了一起。这个空间成为了校园开放式交往空间向食堂立方体之中内嵌的部分。这个空间不仅仅作为楼梯来使用，而是一组来自城市公共空间的不同原型所构成：包括：连廊，位于二层的小广场，位于三层的内院和位于四层的屋顶花园。因此这个立方体形态的食堂是由开放式交往空间与封闭式功能空间两个部分组成。封闭式功能空间为全校数千名学生提供早、中、晚一日三餐的服务。而开放式交往空间则为校园社群生活的形成提供了重要的空间。这组多样的空间包括了室内空间、室外空间与半室外空间，它们连接在一起，形成了城市外向型的生活空间。在一天的不同时段，这里将被充分利用，可以举办开放性的讲座、跳蚤市场、社团活动、生日派对，课程展览、项目推介，甚至是舞会与露天电影等。食堂的功能超越了一日三餐的基本属性，而成为了一个激发公共交往，促进面对面交流的校园生活发生器。在建筑语言上，建筑整体通过空间的切割，剖开局部来呈现空间的物质性。留有手工感的外墙涂料所覆盖的体积被切开，被切开的内部表皮覆盖有铝板，呈现出去物质性的平滑空间。这里的功能就是公共交往。

6.Landscape Design: Open Block& A Free and Smooth Campus

The overall landscape concept embodies and strengthens the overall concept of the new campus planning of "multi center, community-based" open blocks. The landscape design of Phase II-2 is a deepening of the overall campus landscape planning, which not only considers this phase as a part of the overall campus landscape, but also fully considers the landscape space functions and atmosphere within the scope of this project.
6. 景观设计：开放街区 & 自由流畅的校园

总体景观概念体现和加强了新的校园规划“多中心、社群式”的开放街区的总体理念。二期-2 的景观设计是在总体校园景观规划基础上进行深化的，既把本期作为总体校园景观的一部分，也充分考虑本期项目范围的景观空间功能和氛围。

The avenue connecting the north gate to the completed library in Phase II-1 is designed as a wide and magnificent tree lined avenue, which echoes the landscape of the southeast tree lined avenue block and, together with the tree lined avenue entering from the east entrance, forms a tree lined avenue landscape that runs through the campus. It is also the main road connecting and leading to public spaces in other blocks. In order to prioritize walking in the internal areas of the campus and create a smoother overall campus environment, the road along the fence serves as a road for relatively fast vehicle speeds. Parking spaces are set up on the side near the fence according to spatial conditions, which is both convenient for parking and conducive to reducing traffic flow on the internal roads of the campus. Therefore, roadside trees are designed on both sides of this circular road to create a circular tree lined roadway along the campus fence, which is both recognizable and comfortable. On the other hand, the roads between the blocks within the campus are completely opposite and considered as part of the entire open block group, serving the pedestrian priority and free and smooth campus landscape atmosphere. Therefore, these roads are designed as more pleasant single lane roads, without rows of roadside trees, but connecting the various blocks within the campus into a more compact whole in terms of landscape. Trees and shrubs are dotted in appropriate positions according to landscape and spatial needs (such as street corner scenery, appropriate shading and separation, etc.), creating a free and open landscape atmosphere while also saving engineering costs.
从连接北门至二期-1 已建成的图书馆的大道被设计成一条宽阔华丽的林荫大道，与东南侧林荫大道街区形成景观呼应，与东侧入口进入的林荫大道一起共同形成穿行校园内的林荫大道景观，同时也是连接和通往其他街区的公共空间的主要道路。为了校园内部区域步行优先和更流畅的整体校园环境氛围，沿着围墙的道路作为服务于相对较快车行速度的道路，在其靠围墙一侧根据空间条件设置停车位，既方便停车也利于减少校园部内部道路的车流，因此在这条环形道路上两侧设计种植行道树，营造一条沿着校园围墙的环形林荫车行道，既有辨识性也有舒适性。而校园内部街区之间的道路则完全相反，被考虑成整个开放街区群的一部分，服务于步行优先和自由流畅的校园景观氛围，因此这些道路被设计成尺度更宜人的单行车道，不设置成行的行道树，而是把整个校园内部各街区在景观上连接成更加紧密的整体，根据景观和空间需要（例如：街角的景色、适当遮挡和分隔等）在适当的位置点缀乔木和灌木，营造自由开放的景观氛围的同时也更节约工程成本。

The large square on the south side of the cafeteria and the green space on the northwest side of the venue are two important open spaces on campus: one is the outdoor "stage" for campus life, and the other is the leisure "garden" for teachers and students. The square is an outdoor extension of the cafeteria public space where teachers and students often gather every day. It not only meets the needs of a large number of people entering and leaving in an instant (meal point), but also serves as an important open space for festivals and campus activities. Therefore, it is designed as a flat and streamlined lawn square, lively and simple. Through meticulous vertical and pavement design, the two main entrances (south and east) from the square to the cafeteria are not equipped with steps, but rather sloping to allow people to smoothly enter the cafeteria, making it more friendly and convenient for people with disabilities. All the main entrance areas to the dormitory and equestrian arena have this detailed landscape design, which fully reflects the free, open, and smooth campus landscape in the detailed design. The green space on the northwest side is a relatively quiet and green landscape garden. The large lawn is usually a scenery of the campus, with large trees dotted on the flat lawn, making it an area for teachers and students to take a walk and relax during their daily work and study. The design also fully considers the visual openness and publicness of the garden, ensuring both safety and serving occasional festive events.
食堂南侧的大广场和场地西北侧的绿地是校园内两个重要的开放空间：一个是校园生活的室外“舞台”，另一个是师生的休闲“花园”。广场是作为师生们每日常聚的食堂公共空间的室外延申，既满足瞬间（饭点）的集中大量人流的进出，也是节日和校园活动的重要开敞空间，因此被设计成一片平坦的带有流线感草坪的广场，活泼又简洁。通过细致的竖向设计和铺装设计，从广场进入食堂的两个主要入口（南侧和东侧）都没有设置台阶，而是通过找坡使得人们能平滑流畅的进入食堂，也对残障人士更加友好和便利。所有进入宿舍和马术馆的主要入口区域都有这个细节的景观设计，从而在细节设计上也充分体现自由、开放、流畅的校园景观。西北侧的绿地，是一片相对安静又绿色的景观花园，大草坪通常都是校园的一景，平坦的草坪上点缀着大树，是师生日常工作学习之余散步休闲的区域。设计上也充分考虑花园视觉上的开放性和公共性，既保证安全性也服务于偶尔的节庆活动。