扎达尔的约翰·保罗二世广场

扎达尔的约翰·保罗二世广场
John Paul II Square in Zadar

Ante Uglešić : 约翰·保罗二世广场位于扎达尔老城的中心，这是一座历史悠久的城市。在更相关的考古发现中，这一微观位置包括古罗马广场（公元前1世纪至公元3世纪）的遗迹、塞维利亚大教堂（公元2/3世纪）、该镇16世纪的蓄水池、中世纪城墙的遗迹及其部分古代基础。附近还有罗马首都广场、圣多纳教堂（9世纪）、大教堂（12世纪）及其钟楼（19/20世纪）的遗迹，以及大部分建于1950-1970年间的当代建筑。1963年对该地区进行了考古研究，之后发现了古论坛的一部分，而论坛西南部的其余部分则未被触及，这是一个覆盖着泥土和砾石的未定义空间。部分用作临时停车场，与论坛门廊、现代住宅楼、道路和前罗马街卡多马克西姆斯（Cardo Maximus）沿途的长廊相连。属于市中心步行区的区域无法进入且未使用。
Ante Uglešić : John Paul II Square is located at the very centre of Zadar’s old town, the urban tissue rich with historical layers. This microlocation includes, among the more relevant archeological findings, the remains of the ancient Roman Forum (from 1st century BC to 3rd century AD) with the Severian basilica (2nd/3rd century AD), the town’s 16th-century water cistern, the remains of the medieval town walls with parts of their foundations built in the ancient times. In the vicinity there are also the remains of the Roman capitolium, St Donat’s Church (9th century), the cathedral (12th century) with its belfry (19th/20th century) as well as contemporary buildings mostly built in the 1950 – 1970 period. Archeological research of the area was carried out in 1963, after which a part of the ancient Forum was revealed whereas the rest of the surface south-west of the Forum was left untouched, as a non-defined space covered in dirt and gravel. It was partly used as a provisional car park, bounded by the portico of the Forum, a modern residential building, a road and a promenade on the route of the former Roman street Cardo Maximus. The area which belonged to the pedestrian zone of the town centre was inaccessible and unused.

John Paul II Square in Zadar

INTERVENTION AIM

主要任务是将92×63 m的广场纳入该镇的城市区域，从而将其转变为城市生活的活跃部分。老城区密集建筑结构内的空间潜力将得到充分发挥；它将能够接待大量的人，全年将用于许多活动、公众集会、音乐会、节日和其他露天活动。这个空间不仅是许多活动的场所，也是人们聚会和放松的地方。在最近完成了现场考古研究（在此期间发现了一系列其他内容，证明了该镇几个世纪以来的连续性）之后，又增加了一项任务，即促进和促进该镇的公共生活。这项任务包括展示三个选定的发现：古代塞维利亚大教堂、16世纪的蓄水池（其中一部分建于大教堂内）以及中世纪城墙的一部分。在该地区发现的罗马建筑碎片的展示也是条件之一。
The primary task was to incorporate the 92×63 m square into the urban area of the town, thus transforming it into an active part of the city life. The potential of the space within the densely built structure of the old town would be fulfilled; it would be able to host a large number of people and it would be used for many events, public gatherings, concerts, festivals and other open-air happenings throughout the year. The space would not only serve as the location of many events, but it would also be a place where people would meet and relax. After the recent completion of the on-site archeological research, during which a series of other contents which testify the continuity of the town’s life throughout centuries had been discovered, another task was added to the assignment of contributing to and furthering the town’s public life. This task consisted in presenting three chosen findings: the ancient Severian basilica, the 16th-century water cistern, a part of which had been built within the basilica, as well as a part of the medieval town walls. The display of the Roman architecture fragments found in the area was also one of the conditions.

INTERVENTION DESCRIPTION

在考虑了既定目标、自然资源保护主义者的条件和继承的几何矩阵（正交罗马网格）后，广场空间被划分为不同但相互关联的单元：一个位于城镇蓄水池上方的凸起广场，带有重建的石冠；西部较低的高原，有高大的绿色植物、长凳和连接两层的喷泉；东南部的绿色表面，有一堆石头碎片和一条石碑小径，连接着较低的高原和论坛的门廊；沿着带有酒吧露台的住宅楼的行人通道；一个长方形会堂区域，该区域包含并连接前面提到的所有四个单元；以及道路沿线的一个带有人行道和部分城墙重建的区域。使用的主要材料是石头，其结构和加工方式不同，表面和元素也有所不同：重建城墙和大教堂墙壁的历史发现，新的人行道和表面，石凳，喷泉，公园道路和其他。大教堂以前的室内空间的表面是通过将石子浸泡在灰泥中来处理的。为收集城墙碎片而保留的空间被草地覆盖，公园和较低的步行平台上种植了落叶树。广场配备了城市设施和新的街道照明，可根据广场举办的活动的需要进行调节。
After having taken into consideration the set aims, conservationists’ conditions and the inherited geometrical matrix – the orthogonal Roman grid – the square space was divided into different but connected units: a raised square above the town’s water cistern with a reconstructed stone crown; a western, lower plateau with tall greenery, benches and a fountain which links the two levels; a southeastern green surface with a collection of stone fragments and a stone-tablet path which connects the lower plateau and the portico of the Forum; a pedestrian passage along a residential building with bar terraces; a basilica area which is incorporated into and connects all four previously mentioned units; and a side area along the road with a pavement and a partial reconstruction of the town walls. The primary material used was stone, which was structured and processed in different ways with the scope of differentiating the surfaces and elements: the reconstruction of the historical findings of the town walls and the walls of the basilica, the new pedestrian passage and surface, the stone benches, the fountain, the park path and others. The surface of the former indoor space of the basilica was processed by immersing stone pebbles into plaster. space reserved for the collection of the fragments of the town walls was covered with grass, and deciduous trees were planted in the park and lower pedestrian plateau. The square was supplied with urban fixtures and new street lighting, which can be regulated according to the needs of the events held in the square.

EVALUATION

As predicted, the space hosts various events all year round and, when it is not being used for these purposes, it serves as a place for relaxation. John Paul II Square has become an unavoidable space in everyday lives of the inhabitants and visitors of the town.

DATA

THE POPE JOHN PAUL II SQUARE IN ZADAR 
Location: Zadar, Croatia 
Client: Zadar city council 
Architect: Ante Uglešić 
Associate: Marijana Rančić 
Design: 2005 – 2008

Completion:2010

Constructor: PLOTER d.o.o., Zadar 
Area: 5654,50 m²

Budget: 1.700.000,00 € (13.000.000,00 kn)
photos: Velid Jakupović, Jakov Đinđić,

Sandro Lendler