韩国博物馆综合体总体规划

韩国博物馆综合体总体规划
Museum Complex Master Plan, South Korea

位于多伦多的设计公司OfficeOU已被宣布为韩国新行政城市（世宗市）国家博物馆综合体总体规划国际竞赛的获胜者。作为来自世界26个国家的81件作品中的获奖设计，欧办公室世宗博物馆花园将在塑造韩国新大都市的文化景观方面发挥关键作用。参赛作品是作为当地记录建筑师与Junglim Architecture合作完成的。
Toronto-based design firm Office OU has been announced as the winner of South Korea’s International Competition for the National Museum Complex Master Plan of the New Administrative City (Sejong City). Chosen as the winning design among a field of 81 entries from 26 countries around the world, Office OU’s Sejong Museum Gardens will play a crucial role in shaping the cultural landscape of South Korea’s new metropolis. The competition entry was made in collaboration with Junglim Architecture as the local architect of record.

韩国新的行政城市世宗市将国民政府的许多职能从首尔南移。已经有36个政府机构和300000多名居民居住在这里，世宗城日益增长的政治和行政重要性将被竞争发起人誉为“世界级的文化综合体，它将与柏林的博物馆馆长、维也纳的博物馆馆长保持一致。”还有华盛顿特区的史密森博物馆。”
Sejong City, the new administrative city of South Korea, shifts many of the national government’s functions south from Seoul. Already home to 36 government agencies and over 300,000 residents, Sejong City’s growing political and administrative importance will be complemented by what the competition promoters hailed as a “world-class cultural complex that will be on par with Berlin’s Museuminsel, Vienna’s Museumsquartier, and Washington D.C’s Smithsonian museums.”

Museum Complex Master Plan, South Korea

世宗国家博物馆位于这个新生城市的中心地带，沿着金河河岸，它将成为整个韩国的主要文化中心，容纳各种各样的新机构。致力于建筑和城市、设计、数字遗产、自然历史和韩国档案传统的博物馆将加入OU办公室的国家儿童博物馆，以及一些较小的机构。总共有近12家博物馆——确切数量尚未确定——将遍布整个遗址。
Situated in the heart of the nascent city along the bank of the Geum River, Sejong’s National Museum Complex will be a major cultural center for all of Korea, hosting a diverse range of new institutions. Museums devoted to Architecture and the City, Design, Digital Heritage, Natural History, and Korea’s Archival Traditions will join Office OU’s National Children’s Museum, along with a number of smaller institutions. In total, nearly a dozen museums—an exact number has yet to be set—will be spread throughout the site.

办公楼的19万平方米场地总体规划利用了周围的景观类型（稻田、湿地、森林和河岸，以及城市结构），创造了一系列可渗透和相互连接的独立规划室外空间，围绕中心广场组织。柔和的建筑表现使独特的景观成为博物馆的设计元素。每个博物馆的独特身份将通过其与相邻景观的关系来确定，将这些景观绘制到庭院和前院内的场地上，这些场地是博物馆的特征。在命名世宗博物馆花园项目时，该花园被认为是文化与自然之间的重要纽带，设计师希望该项目能为世宗和韩国人民提供一个培育这种关系的地方。
Office OU’s master plan for the 190,000 m2 site draws on surrounding landscape typologies (rice paddies, wetlands, forests and riverbanks, as well as the urban fabric) to create a permeable and interconnected series of individually programmed outdoor spaces, organized around a central square. A subdued architectural expression privileges the distinctive landscapes as the museums’ defining design elements. Each museum’s unique identity will be defined by its relationship with adjacent landscapes, drawing these landscapes onto the site within courtyards and forecourts that characterize the museums. In naming the project Sejong Museum Gardens, the garden is recognized as a vital link between culture and nature, the designers hope that this project can give the people of Sejong—and South Korea—a place to nurture this relationship.

总体规划借鉴了韩国朝代的传统宫殿建筑。据办公室负责人尼古拉斯·科夫（Nicolas Koff）称，“宫殿是简单而内聚的综合体，建筑语言统一，但对自然景观的反应不同。”科夫解释说，在世宗博物馆，花园建筑是“景观的容器”，允许每一个不同的景观塑造其各自的博物馆的身份。正如韩国历史宫殿中的建筑创造了一个独特庭院的格子一样，欧办公楼的设计寻求自然与建筑的融合。”“建筑不是标志性的，”办公室负责人乌罗斯·诺瓦科维奇强调，“它是一个可渗透的空间框架装置，可以让独特的景观得到更充分的体验。”诺瓦科维奇指出，每个博物馆前面的前院和庭院都将由建筑构成，使每个景观成为人们关注的焦点。
The master plans takes cues from traditional palace architecture of Korea’s Joeseon Dynasty. According to Office OU principal Nicolas Koff “the palaces are simple and cohesive complexes, united in their architectural language and yet differentiated by their response to the natural landscape.” At Sejong Museum Gardens architecture serves as a “vessel for the landscape,” Koff explains, allowing each distinct landscape to shape its respective museum’s identity. Just as the buildings in Korea’s historic palaces create a lattice of distinctive courtyards, Office OU’s design looks for integration between nature and architecture. “The architecture is not iconic,” Office OU principal Uros Novakovic stresses, “it’s a permeable, space framing device that allows the unique landscapes to be more fully experienced.” The forecourts and courtyards that front each museum will be framed by the architecture, Novakovic notes, making each landscape a locus of attention.

塞巴斯蒂安·巴特尼基（Sebastian Bartnicki）补充道：“景观和博物馆标识之间也存在着程序性的联系。”他描述了每一处景观与其博物馆之间的联系。例如，儿童博物馆的富有成效的景观吸引着孩子们玩耍和探索空间。出于同样的原因，档案馆将被隐藏在一个多山的地形中，培养一种适当的隐居感。同时，建筑博物馆的定义是硬景观，具有明显的城市感觉，与城市发展中的零售和艺术区有关，横跨车溪。
“There are also programmatic links between landscapes and museum identities,” Sebastian Bartnicki adds, describing the connections between each landscape and its museum. For example, the productive landscape that characterizes the Children’s Museum invites kids to play and explore the space. By the same token, the Archives Museum will be tucked within a mountainous topography, fostering an appropriate sense of seclusion. Meanwhile, the Architecture Museum is defined by hard landscaping with a distinctly urban feel, relating to the city’s developing retail and arts district across the Che Creek.

Working in partnership with South Korea’s acclaimed Junglim Architecture, Office OU will design the first three buildings of the National Museum Complex: The National Children’s Museum, the Museum Complex’s Central Storehouse and Central Operations Centre.

竞赛评审团赞扬了该项目“对空间的精细控制”，以及“自然与建筑形式之间的空间关系，这一关系成功地锚定在了人类的尺度上”。此外，“将自然解释为建筑元素，“以及强调景观美化而非建筑形式的非正统决定。评审团成员包括韩国首尔国立大学的李成军、韩国京城建筑事务所的金永美；工程师，康库克大学的Junsung Kim和建筑工作室手，以及汉城大学的Sunghong Kim，还有早稻田大学的日本Nobuaki Furuya和纳斯卡工作室，还有来自美国商店设计师Christopher Sharples。
The competition jury praised the project’s “exquisite control of space,” as well as “the spatial relationship between nature and built form, which is successfully anchored in human scale.” Particular acclaim was also reserved for “the interpretation of nature as an architectural element,” and the unorthodox decision to emphasize landscaping over built form. The competition jury included South Korea’s Sungkwan Lee of Seoul National University, Yongmi Kim of Geumseong Architects & Engineers, Junsung Kim of Konkuk University and Architecture Studio hANd, and Sunghong Kim of the University of Seoul, as well as Japan’s Nobuaki Furuya of Waseda University and Studio Nasca, and Christopher Sharples of SHoP Architects from the United States.

The first phase of the project, comprised of 5 museums, is set to be completed by 2023.