LILA 2020：将棕榈林提升到更高的水平
LILA 2020: Lifting The Palm Grove To a Higher Level
This project received LILA 2020 Special Mention in Public Project category
陪审团声明：该建筑是一座地标性建筑，具有社会吸引力，是景观的一部分，但与景观不同。它的介入是对村庄形象、社会生活以及通过更广阔景观的运动进行敏感、精确的研究。在一个几乎没有妇女公共设施的社会里，它在多个层面上改善了农村生活，同时为妇女创造了一个温和的内心世界。通过原汁原味和简单的手段，如重新排列现场发现的石头、通过看似朴素的窗户、壁炉或庭院中简单的秋千设计的景观走廊，强调了公共空间通常目标的谦逊。在生态上，在恶劣的景观条件下，使用小型手段收集稀有的土壤、水和遮荫资源，创造生物多样性，重新造林，并改善遮荫的气候。公共空间与亲密的同时，以及这样一个需要的集合点的几乎脆弱性，创造了一种强烈、独特的场所感。
From the jury statement: The structure was established as a landmark, social magnet, a site part of, yet distinct from, landscape. Its intervention is a sensitive, precise study of village imagery, social life, as well as the movement through a broader landscape. It enhances village life on multiple levels while creating a gentle, internal world for women in a society where women’s public facilities are almost non-existent. The humbleness with which usual goals of public space are achieved is emphasized through the rawness and simplicity of means, such as reordering stones found on site, choreographed view corridors through a seemingly naive window, a fireplace or a simple swing in the courtyard. Ecologically, within the harsh landscape conditions, small means are used to gather rare sources of soil, water and shade, creating biodiversity, reforestation, and the climatic improvement of shade. The simultaneity of a public space with the intimacy, and almost fragility of such a needed meeting point has created a strong, unique sense of place.
See all LILA recognitions or visit LILA website
The Women’s House as a meeting place
Building Beyond Border:
In the Moroccan village of Ouled Merzoug, the community offered a piece of land to the women’s association. In order to gather and empower their women members, the recently founded association desired a Women’s House in the village, a built space to meet, work and learn.
Subtle landmark, central on the mental map of the villagers
给定的土地离主街有点远。这里有一座小海角山，紧挨着一条干涸的沟壑。雨水不常下，但一旦下了雨，冲水就会在沟壑中留下清晰的伤痕：在众多岩石之间移动的砾石和沙子的痕迹。山上的大风几乎是一个不变的特征。更大的画面是一个干旱的景观：贫瘠的花岗岩山坡俯瞰着“达德斯”河，沿途有一片郁郁葱葱的棕榈林。
The given land is a bit away from main street. Here a small promontory hill stands next to a dry gully. It doesn’t rain often, but when it does, the flushing water leaves clear scars in the gully: traces of gravel and sand that moved between the numerous rocks. A harsh wind over the hill is an almost constant feature. The larger picture is an arid landscape: barren, granite mountain slopes overlook the ‘Dades’ river with a lush green palm grove along it.
景观的这些方面对于确定建筑物的确切位置和建筑结构具有决定性作用。我们考虑了微观和大尺度的地形。当我们定位时，这座又长又低的花岗岩建筑与山坡完美融合。虽然它远离纪念性建筑，但两端的墙都很突出，面向村庄的两侧。这正是村民们公认的建筑的主要质量。
These aspects of the landscape were decisive for determining the exact position and the architecture of the building. We took into account the topography on both micro and larger scale. As we positioned it, the long and low granite stone building perfectly merges with the slope of the hill. Although it’s far from a monumental structure, the walls at each end stand out and face both sides of the village. Exactly this is recognized as a major quality of the building by the villagers.
Furthermore, we analysed the walking trail patterns of the villagers.The public character of the Women’s House is emphasised by the position of the building on the crossing of two informal paths. The main path leads directly into a public court at the heart of the building.
Public court as the heart of the building
这个中央会议空间连接了建筑的两部分：工作室和厨房凉亭。在法庭上，我们放置了一些简陋的元素用于各种用途。厨房前有坐着喝茶的楼梯，孩子们可以在石头上玩耍。柽柳树提供了荫凉，创造了一个亲密的区域。
This central meeting space connects the two halves of the building: the atelier and the kitchen pavilion. In the court, we placed a number of humble elements for various uses. There are sitting stairs for drinking tea in front of the kitchen and boulders as play elements for children. A Tamarix tree provides shade and creates an intimate zone.
Gardens as stylized open-air rooms
Both the atelier and the kitchen have an enclosed garden. The high granite walls provide a feeling of comfort, much appreciated in Moroccan rural society. The single square opening in the end wall in each garden grabs a panoramic view over the village.
厨房亭的花园是一个生产、聚会、分享知识和邀请人们的地方。在裸露的土壤中，精心放置了三个土制元素，以加强花园的规划：一个通向屋顶平台的土制楼梯，一个带有rambler植物的长凳和一个与妇女合作建造的大型cob烤箱。由于赭石色与花岗岩墙和砂砾土形成对比，花园变成了一个风格化的露天房间。由当地陶工制作的陶瓷艺术品装饰了这个房间。
The garden of the kitchen pavilion is a place for production, togetherness, sharing knowledge and inviting people. In its bare soil, three earthen elements were carefully placed to enhance the program of the garden: an earthen staircase which leads to the roof terrace, a bench with a rambler plant and a large cob-oven, that was built in collaboration with the women. As their ochre colour contrasts with the granite walls and the grit soil, the garden becomes a stylised open-air room. Ceramic art objects, produced by the local potter, decorate this room.
The garden of the atelier is a more intimate place to repose in between work and course sessions. A large bench stands in the shade of the high walls and of the leafy fig tree.
The use of water was carefully taken into consideration. The water of the sinks is filtered and the water from the roof is captured by a ceramic barrel. All the overflows lead to the soil underneath the trees.
Forested garden greens the gully
A pleasant forested garden will accompany the Women’s House and raise the quality of the site.
We observed that public squares are not common in rural villages in Morocco. The garden brings greenery and shade to the hill site and aims to be a new public space for the village of Ouled Merzoug.
在沟壑中，在以前贫瘠的岩石上，两道挡土墙各有一个土壤阶地。在暴雨期间，它们会减慢径流的速度。细土颗粒将沉积在植被梯田上。在梯田里接种了一些肥沃的土壤。种植了先锋树木和灌木。该物种适应自然干旱条件。它们将长成一小块森林，并支持妇女之家，使之成为所有村民的一个愉快环境。
In the gully, on the formerly barren rocks, two retention walls each hold a soil terrace. They slow down the speed of the runoff water during rainstorms. Fine soil particles will be deposited on the vegetated terraces. Some fertile soil was inoculated in the terraces. Pioneer trees and shrubs were planted. The species are adapted to the natural arid conditions. They will grow into a small forest patch and support the Women’s House as an enjoyable environment for all villagers.
缓解与强雨水径流相关的损失：侵蚀、道路和道路的破坏、流向河流的快速洪峰流量导致下游灾难性洪水。
The goal for the reforestation is double:
Bring biodiversity, landscape quality and local shady conditions to the hillside;
Mitigate losses associated with strong rainwater runoff: erosion, destruction of paths and roads, fast peak discharge of water toward the river causing catastrophic flooding downstream.
此外，人们可以将带有梯田土壤的干堆墙作为一个新概念应用于村庄中的其他沟渠。
The community ensured that this place was created. The team of construction workers built the two terrace walls. After working hours, the women came with wheelbarrows, buckets, a lot of enthusiasm and their singing voices to help spread out fertile soil on the terraces. They planted the trees as a group activity. It is exactly this participatory approach that makes this place so special.
Furthermore, the people can apply the dry stack walls with terraced soil as a new concept to other gullies in the village.
Eco-sustainable construction as an option for rural communities
这个生态可持续项目的预算适中，完全是手工建造的，现场可用的手工材料。通过捡起石头并将其重新排列成墙壁、梯田和台阶的简单过程，创造了一个纯净的景观。这是一个可持续的设计，成功地融合了建筑和景观。
This eco-sustainable project on a moderate budget, was entirely built by hand, crafting materials available on site. By the simple process of picking up stones and reordering them into walls, terraces and steps, a pure landscape was created. It is a sustainable design that managed to merge architecture and landscape.
Design Office: Building Beyond Borders, postgraduate certificate UHasselt 2018-2019
Project location: Ouled Merzoug, Idelsane, Ouarzazate, Morocco
Design year: 2018-2019
Year Built: 2019
