VihreistäVihrein/绿色中最绿色的
Vihreistä Vihrein / The Greenest of the Green
绿色住宅区探索了公寓楼屋顶绿色区域的功能。该项目将实验性的绿色屋顶和绿色立面设计与研究相结合。其目的是利用绿色基础设施的实验性建设来检验在公寓楼顶进行景观美化的可行性。该项目的目标是调查不同物种如何在贾塔卡萨里区海滨的挑战性条件下进行管理，以及生长地点和基质如何影响生长。该项目的开发团队包括生物学家、园艺学家和社会学家。这项研究是由赫尔辛基大学第五维度研究项目领导的。该建筑的建筑师是塔利建筑事务所（Talli Architecture&；设计。
The green residential block explores the functionality of green areas on apartment building rooftops. The project combines an experimental green roof and green façade design with research. The aim was to use the experimental construction of green infrastructure to examine the feasibility of landscaping on the roofs of blocks of flats. The objective of the project is to investigate how different species are managing in the challenging conditions at the seashore in the Jätkäsaari district and how growing locations and substrates affect the growth. The development team of the project included biologists, horticulturists and sociologists. The study is led by the Fifth Dimension research programme from the University of Helsinki. The architect of the building is Talli Architecture & Design.
植被主要由传统园林植物和芬兰自然植物组成。该研究还考察了绿地对城市径流、能源效率和居民幸福感的影响。“最绿色”项目中收集的信息将有助于设计生态和社会可持续的自然解决方案。
The vegetation consists primarily of traditional garden plants and those found in Finnish nature. The study also examines the effects green areas have on urban runoff, energy efficiency and dweller happiness. The information collected in The Greenest of the Green project will help in designing ecologically and socially sustainable nature-based solutions.
每个绿色屋顶都有自己的轮廓、研究设置和特征。最南端的梯田是开阔的草地：生物多样性屋顶。它们被强烈地设计用于研究目的，并为昆虫提供栖息地。七楼的屋顶有果园，是桑拿设施附近的休闲区。社区房间通向厨房花园，居民可以在那里种植自己的食物和植物。厨房花园有多个栽培箱和一个大型共用温室。
Each of the green roofs has its own profile, research set-up and character. The southern topmost terraces are open meadows: biodiversity roofs. They are designed strongly for research purposes and offer habitats for insects. The seventh-floor roofs have fruit gardens and serve as recreational areas adjacent to the sauna facilities. The community room opens onto the kitchen garden where inhabitants can grow their own food and plants. The kitchen garden has multiple cultivation boxes and a large shared greenhouse.
绿色从屋顶一直延伸到建筑物的正面。街道的正面覆盖着木制和钢格，供攀援者生长，并点缀着大型钢制种植箱。院落的绿色屋顶有一个游戏区、蝴蝶酒吧和研究区。这种特殊的混凝土铺路是为了吸收二氧化氮。
The green continues from the roofs to the facades of the building. The street-side facades are covered with wooden and steel lattices for climbers to grow on and are dotted with large steel planting boxes. The house yard green roof has a play area, butterfly bar and research areas. The special concrete paving is meant to absorb nitrogen dioxide.
The City of Helsinki awarded the project the Rakentamisen Ruusu 2017, an annual award to highlight exemplary building projects. TheScandinavian Green Infrastructure Associationgave The Greenest of the Green block theScandinavian Green Roof Award 2018.
Community aspect
All the roof areas are open to residents and designed to enable many types of recreational use. On the kitchen roof, the residents have established a co-operative to manage the shared cultivation areas. The roof can also be used for parties and barbecues.
白天，桑拿露台向所有人开放，让他们享受水果、浆果和屋顶提供的景观。在晚上，它们是桑拿使用者更私密的地方。最顶端的屋顶，生物多样性屋顶，提供了一个更安静的地方来观察周围地区和屋顶上的自然。屋顶越高，屋顶的社会形象就越私人。
During daytime, the sauna terraces are open for everyone to enjoy fruits, berries and the views provided by the roof. During evenings they serve as a more private area for sauna users. The topmost roof, the biodiversity roof, provides a more tranquil place for observing the surrounding areas and nature on the roof. The social profile of the roofs becomes more private the higher up the roof is located.
Extreme green
The climate conditions for the green roofs in The Greenest of the Green are challenging. Near the shoreline and high above ground level, the winds are often fierce and the sun can be scorching. Nevertheless, there is something green growing on almost every surface.
垂直绿色立面由屋顶人工浇水，立面上的每个生长箱也有两个灌溉水箱，以确保足够的水。灌溉水箱也用于街道水平，那里的基底非常浅。除生物多样性屋顶外，所有屋顶都有蓄水和排水的功能。生物多样性屋顶设计用于管理，无需灌溉或施肥。最终，从远处可以看到多层绿色。
The vertical green façade is manually watered from the roof and each growing box on the façade also has two irrigation tanks to ensure sufficient water. Irrigation tanks are also used at street level, where the substrate is very shallow. All but the biodiversity roofs have a water retention and drainage element. The biodiversity roof is designed to manage without irrigation or fertilisers. Eventually, the multiple layers of green will be visible from far away.
Biodiversity
整个场地的植被选择耐寒但多样。大多数植物，包括树木，都会开花，许多还会结果实或浆果。这些分层的、多样的物种在粗糙的环境中相互支持，但也吸引着传粉者，有时甚至鸟类。特别选择了基底顶部的砾石，以便无脊椎动物可以在其中筑巢和越冬。其他结构，如石桩、低矮的石墙和树干沿屋顶布置，以支持筑巢。
The vegetation throughout the site is chosen to be hardy but diverse. Most plants, including the trees, produce flowers and many produce fruits or berries as well. The layered, diverse species support each other against the rough elements but also attract pollinators and sometimes even birds. The gravel on top of the substrates has been especially chosen so that invertebrates can nest and over-winter in it. Additional structures, such as stone piles, low stone walls and tree trunks are situated along the roofs to support nesting.
生物多样性屋顶是一片干燥的草地，基质薄，没有水分滞留。总的来说，屋顶和墙壁构成了六种不同的基质混合物，它们都具有不同的pH值、营养值和成分。可收获的植物包括罗文、苹果树、草莓、北极荆棘、香草和醋栗。
The biodiversity roof is a dry meadow with a thin substrate and no water retention. In total, the roofs and walls account for six different substrate mixes, all with different pH levels, nutrition values and composition. Harvestable plants include rowan, apple trees, strawberry, arctic bramble, herbs and currants.
Project name: Vihreistä Vihrein / The Greenest of the Green
Office: LOCI Landscape Architects Ltd
Role of the office in the project: Landscape architect
Website: www.loci.fi
Architect: Talli Architecture and Design
Research Group: The Fift Dimension, the University of Helsinki
Project location: Länsisatamankatu 36 / Hyväntoivonkatu 4, Helsinki, Finland
Design: 2014-2017
Completion: 2017
Client: TA Companies
Photographs: Pyry Kantonen Photography
