十字交叉之家：一朵屋檐下的安顿与穿梭 / 察社办公室

Crossed House: Accommodation and Shuttle Under One Roof/Inspection Office
十字交叉之家：一朵屋檐下的安顿与穿梭 / 察社办公室

直面现实需求的设计策略：项目的设计理念清晰而务实，体现了对真实生活需求的深刻理解。设计师并未沉溺于抽象的传统符号或纯粹的审美表达，而是将重点放在解决居住者面临的实际问题上，如多代同堂、居家办公等。这种设计思路摆脱了对“传统”或“风格”的刻意追逐，转而关注如何通过空间布局来满足居住者的生活方式。这种务实的态度是项目的一大亮点，也是其设计能够契合居住者需求的根本原因。设计师敏锐地捕捉到了后疫情时代人们对居住和生活方式的新期望，并以此为基础进行设计，体现了对社会现实的深刻洞察。

十字交叉与内外空间互动：“十字交叉”的独特平面布局是该项目的一大亮点。这种布局打破了传统院落的封闭性，通过不同方向房屋的相互连接，创造了穿透式的视野，使得室内外空间得以互动。这种设计手法不仅增加了空间的通透感，还赋予了居住者多维度的体验。各功能区域的独立设置，也为不同家庭成员提供了私密空间，同时又能保证相互间的互动。这种巧妙的布局，使得有限的空间在视觉上更加开阔，生活场景也得以层叠展现，体现了设计师对空间组织和居住体验的深刻思考。此外，外墙结构向屋脊方向移动，并采用幕墙设计，进一步强化了内外空间的融合，增强了建筑的整体感和通透性。

细节处理与对环境的尊重：项目在细节处理方面展现了设计师的匠心。例如，通过降低檐梁高度，避免了室内空间的过度暴露，既保证了采光，又增强了居住的舒适感和安全感。这种对环境的细致考虑，体现了设计师对居住者感受的关注。此外，建筑的外立面处理也很有特色，在满足室内通透性的同时，对外则呈现出内敛的姿态，与周围环境相协调。这种内外反差的设计手法，既体现了建筑的个性，又尊重了当地的文化和环境。通过对材料、构造和尺度的精准把握，设计师将建筑融入了周围的村落肌理中，从而在满足功能需求的同时，也实现了与环境的和谐共生。

The three-year epidemic has changed the living and working habits of many people, and the owner of this house is also one of them. In 2023, they decided to move back to their parents' house in the village and rebuild a house there. The new house allows three generations to live together and also meets the requirements for working from home. In a few years, they may settle here and no longer need to travel around the city for their livelihood. As always, the original intention of this design is to face real problems. It has no intention of embracing abstract 'traditional concepts' or' aesthetic tastes'. Kenneth Frampton wrote in his book that facing the inherent problems of a place can become an opportunity to criticize the development of regionalism. Similarly, this is also my interest.
疫情三年改变了很多人的生活工作习惯，这座房子的主人也是其中之一。2023年，他们决定搬回村子里的父母家，在那里重建一座房子。新房同时允许三代人居住，又可以满足居家办公条件。若干年后，他们可能定居于此，不再需要为生计在城市里奔波。一如既往，这个设计的初衷是面对真实问题。它无意拥抱抽象的“传统观念”或者“审美趣味”。Kenneth Frampton在其书中写道，直面一个地方的固有问题，这会变成批判地域主义发展的契机。同样的，这也是我的兴趣。

The Tongzhou area where the project is located seems to have established stricter construction requirements than other suburban counties in Beijing. For example, only one story building can be constructed on the homestead, with a eaves height limit of 3 meters. Therefore, Xifu Village is flat and open. Neighbors, even those who have renovated their yards in recent years, still generally follow the rules of courtyard houses and crawl on the ground. The first visit to the site was on a rainy afternoon. A 700 square meter courtyard sets off the low rise of existing houses and the vast sky. Even though there are still heavy clouds above, the eaves cannot block the distant blue sky and sunlight. This kind of transparent and spacious feeling was also the first expression that Party A expressed to me about their expectations for the future house.
项目所在通州地区，仿佛制定了比北京其他郊区县都要严格的建设要求。譬如宅基地上只能建设一层建筑物，檐口限高 3 米。也因此，西筏村平坦而开阔。邻里间，即便是近些年改造过的院子，依然大致遵循合院的规制，匍匐于大地。第一次拜访现场，是个雨后的下午。700 平方米的院子，衬托已有房舍低矮而天空广大。即便头顶上还有阴云密布，屋檐却挡不住远处的蓝天和日光。这种通透舒阔感也是甲方最早向我表达，对未来房子的期待。

平面图

For a 700 square meter yard and due to limited budget, we expect to build a single story 300 square meter house. With fewer houses and larger courtyards, it will be a transformation and interpretation of traditional rural courtyards. First, connect the houses in different directions together. On the premise of maintaining the courtyard scale, the wing rooms are merged to one side, the depth increases and leaves the boundary, and another narrow and long courtyard flashes out on the side facing away from the courtyard. The main house on the north side moves south in the same way and flashes out of the backyard. Houses in different directions have dual sided lighting surfaces, giving the entire courtyard a penetrating view.
针对700平方米的院子占地，又因为预算有限，我们预计要建设一座单层300平方米的房子。房子少，院子大，它将是传统农村院落的变形和演绎。首先把不同方向的房子首尾相连在一起。在维持庭院尺度的前提下，厢房被合并到一边，进深增加并离开边界，在背对院子一侧闪出另一个窄长的院子。北侧的正房遵循同样的方式向南移动并闪出后院。不同方向的房舍都拥有了双侧采光面，整个院子也因此拥有穿透的视野。

The mountain face of the building protrudes, facing towards the boundary. From the overall plan, the outline of the circular building has become a cross shaped pattern. A homogeneous space generates several endpoints. Grandparents, parents, children, visiting guests, and bedrooms that fully accommodate everyone. Grandparents sleep separately, like most elderly people, they prefer to have their own separate rooms. At their exclusive end, such subdivided rooms can also be generated. If we consider these ends as extended tentacles, connecting the body parts of their buildings, elongated and faintly cut into sections to accommodate different public functions. This also reflects the daily scenes of multiple generations living together. People shuttle between these ambiguous rooms, and interactions between grandparents, grandchildren, or nuclear families are all responded to.
建筑的山面出头，顶向边界。从总图上看，环形建筑轮廓变成了十字交叉的图形。均质的空间，产生了若干尽端。姥姥姥爷，爸爸妈妈，小朋友，来访的客人，那些尽端容纳了大家的卧室。姥姥姥爷分开就寝，像多数老年人，更希望各自拥有独立的房间。在独属于他们的尽端，也可以产生这种细分的房间。如果把这些尽端看作伸展的触角，连接它们建筑的身体部位，被拉长和隐隐的切成段落，容纳不同的公共职能。这也观照到多代人共同生活的日常场景。人们在这些若即若离的房间中穿梭，祖孙满堂或者核心家庭的互动，都得到响应。

In order to obtain a more transparent and open view, the exterior wall structure of the building is moved towards the ridge direction. The convergence of structures in different directions forms shear wall barrels at the crossroads. The house is like a mushroom with a central support that protrudes from all sides. The boundary breaks free from the constraints of the structure, and the curtain wall integrates indoor and outdoor spaces. Even due to the cross pattern, the depth of field narrows down layer by layer from afar, yard, house, yard; People are in public areas, and their living scenes are displayed in a layered manner.
为了获得更通透开阔的视野，建筑外墙结构，向屋脊方向移动。不同方向的结构汇聚，变成十字交叉点上的剪力墙桶。房子像蘑菇一样中心支撑像四面挑出。边界解除了结构的束缚，幕墙让室内室外合为一体。甚至因为十字交叉的格局，景深从远处一层一层拉近，院子，房子，院子；人们身处公共区域中，生活场景层叠展现。

If the upper frame material of the glass curtain wall is directly made at the bottom of the eaves beam, the interior will have a transparent opening of more than 3 meters on both sides. On the one hand, this makes the family lack a sense of protection, and on the other hand, it also comes at a cost in terms of energy consumption. We lifted the eaves beam to a height of 2.4 meters, and the eaves rolled down like mushroom umbrellas. This maintains a comfortable height indoors while preventing people from being exposed between heaven and earth. Under the scorching sun or pouring rain, people sitting by the window are like small insects hiding under mushrooms, able to settle down.
玻璃幕墙上口框材如果直接做在檐梁的底部，室内就获得了两侧3米多高的通透开口。这一方面让家人缺乏庇护感，另一方面也要付出能耗上的代价。我们把檐梁下吊到2.4米的高度，檐口就像蘑菇伞边卷下来。这让室内既维持了一个舒适的高度，又让人们不至于被袒露在天地之间。艳阳高照或是大雨倾盆，坐在窗前的人们，就像躲在蘑菇下面的小虫，得以安顿。

Internally transparent, externally the opposite. The only exterior facade of the building happens to be one of the many end spaces that stand out. The grey space at the entrance continues down the sloping roof. And in conjunction with the slope of the street and the plot, the brick courtyard walls are stacked inward. The entire building mass crawls along the roadside.
对内通透，对外则相反。建筑的唯一外立面正好也是出头的众多尽端空间之一。入口灰空间，顺着坡屋顶延续而下。且配合街道与地块的斜坡，砖砌院墙向内叠涩。整个建筑体量匍匐在路边。

十字交叉之家： 一朵屋檐下的安顿与穿梭 / 察社办公室

十字交叉之家：一朵屋檐下的安顿与穿梭 / 察社办公室