里昂新国家行政中心 / Snøhetta

Lyon New National Administrative Center/Sn ø hetta
里昂新国家行政中心 / Snøhetta

设计理念与场地回应：该项目最令人印象深刻之处在于其对场地的尊重与巧妙利用。建筑师将里昂市中心现有的场地特点——百年梧桐树与旧兵营遗迹——融入设计，创造了一个独特的“绿色核心”。U形建筑布局环绕着这个核心，不仅保留了历史印记，更将其转化为建筑的灵魂，提供了自然采光、通风和景观视野，同时减少了建筑的视觉冲击。这种设计策略是对场地文脉的深刻理解，将历史、自然与现代建筑完美融合，体现了可持续设计理念。

立面设计与模块化运用：项目的立面设计是其精髓所在。设计团队巧妙地运用模块化设计，结合场地周围建筑的色彩和风格，打造出富有现代感且与环境和谐统一的立面。通过对不同模块的组合和调整，设计师实现了对日照、采光、安全等多重因素的平衡。预制化模块的应用也体现了对施工效率和环境性能的关注。这种设计策略不仅赋予了建筑独特的美学特征，还提高了建筑的能源效率，降低了对环境的影响，是可持续建筑设计的重要体现。

空间组织与功能布局：项目的空间组织展现了以人为本的设计理念。公共区域与工作区域围绕绿色核心布置，创造了一个舒适、宜人的工作环境。同时，通过楼层间的联系与贯通的露台，促进了员工的社交互动。建筑体量被分割成多个部分，减少了建筑的压迫感，并最大程度地利用自然光。这种设计理念不仅提升了建筑的实用性，也改善了工作环境，为员工提供了舒适的体验。此外，设计团队还在屋顶和露台上设置了绿植区域，进一步丰富了建筑的景观，为城市增添了活力。

The new national administrative center project located in Lyon, France belongs to the Part Dieu district of Lyon. Padres is the second largest business district in France, second only to La D é fense. The area is densely populated, with 60000 jobs, 2500 businesses, shops, offices, and a train station.
位于法国里昂的新国家行政中心项目属于里昂的帕迪尤（Part-Dieu）城区。帕迪尤是法国第二大商务区，仅次于拉德芳斯。该地区人口密集，拥有60000个工作岗位、2500 家企业、商铺、办公室和一座火车站。

Lyon is currently implementing a large-scale renovation plan, which includes redeveloping public spaces and constructing new public buildings, residences, and offices. Those old and outdated existing buildings will be demolished to make room for urban development, including the new National Administrative Center (CAE).
里昂当下正在实施一项大规模的翻新计划，包括重新开发公共空间和建造新的公共建筑、住宅和办公室。那些老旧且过时的现有建筑将被拆除，来为包括新的国家行政中心（CAE）在内的城市发展腾出空间。

This urban area was built in the 1970s and is characterized by several iconic buildings that are simple in shape and have the architectural style of that period, forming an important part of Lyon's urban and architectural heritage.
这个城区建于 20 世纪 70 年代，它以几座标志性建筑为特点，这些建筑造型简洁，具有那个时期的建筑风格，构成了里昂城市和建筑遗产的重要组成部分。

Due to the high degree of urbanization in the region, land is scarce. The national administrative city is built on the last vacant land in the urban area. This is a small sunken space, in which there are eight hundred year old French wutong trees, which witness the history of Lyon in the last century and are also the relics of the old barracks that once occupied the place.
由于该地区已经高度城市化，因此土地稀缺。国家行政城建于该城区的最后一块空地上。这是一个小型的凹陷空间，里面有八棵百年老法国梧桐，它们见证了里昂上个世纪的历史，也是曾占据该地的旧兵营的遗迹。

The project adopts a simple and orderly building volume, which is built around a landscape pocket formed by two rows of reserved French wutong. This core will weave landscape connections that currently do not exist on the ground level. The building will be arranged in a U-shape around this green core, dividing 19000 square meters of office space into several sections. This design of dividing into several parts will reduce the visual impact of the building, increase the number of facades to maximize the use of natural light, and encourage the creation of outdoor spaces (terraces, gardens) to provide breathing space for mineral environments.
该项目采用了简洁有序的建筑体量，它围绕由两排被保留的法国梧桐形成的景观口袋而建。这个核心将在地面层编织出目前不存在的景观连接。建筑将围绕这个绿色核心呈 U 形布局，将 19000 平方米的办公空间分割成几个部分。这种分割成几个部分的设计将减少建筑的视觉影响，增加立面的数量，以便尽可能多地利用自然光，并鼓励创建室外空间（露台、花园），为矿物环境提供喘息的空间。

The design team has created an active and vibrant base on available land to enliven the public spaces on both sides of the plot through the three-dimensional and layered organization of space. This pedestal is in direct contact with the landscape of the green heart, accommodating the public and shared functions of the building, and generously opening northward to the future city park, which may eventually become the main entrance for employees.
空间的立体和分层组织
设计团队通过在可用土地上建造了一个活跃、有生气的基座，以活跃地块两侧的公共空间。这个基座与绿色心脏的景观直接接触，容纳了建筑的公共和共用功能，并慷慨地向北开放至未来的城市公园，该公园最终可能成为员工的主要入口。

On the south side of the project, the design team provided new vitality to the urban area through a lively facade. The building consists of three wings, with two wings extending six stories around the plant heart and connected to each other through a five story pedestrian bridge, and the third wing extending five stories. The project is based on strict procedural separation, with the public reception area concentrated on the first floor, while functional spaces that can only be used by staff of the national administrative center and invited guests are installed upstairs.
在项目南侧，设计团队通过一个生动活泼的立面，为该城区提供了新的活力。建筑由三个翼组成，其中两个翼围绕植物心脏延伸六层，并通过五层的人行天桥相互连接，第三个翼延伸五层。该项目基于严格的程序分隔，使公共接待区集中在一楼，而只能由国家行政中心工作人员和受邀嘉宾使用的功能空间则被安装在楼上。

Two office space wings are built on this active pedestal, with two five story office wings on either side of the green heart. This layout means that most workspaces can see gardens and trees, and are free from the interference of overhead views. The planted core plays a filtering role, making these workspaces more private and separated from public areas.
两个办公空间翼
在这个活跃的基座之上，绿色心脏的两侧建造了两个五层的办公翼。这种布局意味着大多数工作空间都可以看到花园和树木，并免受俯瞰视野的干扰。被种植的核心起到了过滤作用，使这些工作空间更加私密，并与公共区域隔开。

It also has undeniable climate and energy benefits, because the French wutong tree provides shade for the south facing facade in summer, while providing a lot of sunshine and light in winter. The density of vegetation also helps to limit the heat island effect.
它还具有不可否认的气候和能源效益，因为法国梧桐在夏天为朝南的立面提供阴凉，同时在冬天提供大量阳光和光线。植被的密度也有助于限制热岛效应。

The pedestrian overpass connects these two entities through an internal corridor in the shopping center. This corridor provides a great social space and extends to the outdoor balcony. It is also of great significance for the flexibility of project layout, circulation, operation, and functional division over time. It is located in the Padio Shopping Center and can also create a large terrace on the south side of the active pedestal.
人行天桥
这两个实体通过购物中心的一个内部走廊连接起来。这条走廊提供了一个很好的社交空间，并延伸到室外的阳台上。它对于项目的布局灵活性、流通性、运营和随时间推移的功能划分也具有重要意义。其位于帕迪尤购物中心，还可以在活跃基座的南侧创建一个大型露台。

The third office space wing was created in the south to enhance the urban integration of the project. This four story office wing is intentionally built lower to limit the height of future residential towers on the west side. Its width is the same as the other two wings, ensuring the functionality and flexibility of all office floors. Therefore, its layout is systematized among all buildings in the national administrative center.
第三个办公空间翼
为了完善项目的城市融合，在南方创建了第三个翼。这个四层的办公翼故意建得较低，以限制未来西侧住宅塔楼的高度，其宽度与其他两个翼相同，确保了所有办公楼层的功能性和灵活性，其布局因此在国家行政中心的所有建筑中系统化。

Site limitations - appropriate technical solutions Due to the small size of the plot and the presence of century old trees, as well as many other construction sites nearby, storage facilities on site are limited during the construction period. Similarly, due to insufficient space and transportation issues near the site, significant logistics efforts are required, which is the main challenge faced by the project. Therefore, throughout the entire construction process, the design team used a large number of prefabricated components.
场地受限——适当的技术解决方案
由于地块面积小且有百年老树，以及附近有许多其他工地，因此在施工期间现场的存储设施有限。同样，由于场地附近空间不足和交通问题，需要付出巨大的物流努力，这是该项目面临的主要挑战。因此在整个建造过程中，设计团队使用了大量的预制构件。

The concept of dynamic fa ç ade is directly inspired by the Paduio architecture and its repetitive fa ç ade system, using the same modules for connection and the same material palette throughout the entire volume. The modular facade system reinterprets the language of the iconic buildings in the region.
动态立面
立面的概念直接受到帕迪尤建筑及其重复的立面系统的启发，在整个体量中使用相同的模块进行衔接，使用相同的材料调色板。模块化立面系统重新诠释了该地区标志性建筑的语言。

The buildings in the Padiyou urban area are also characterized by their color palette, consisting of neutral tones ranging from gray to more saturated or darker sand colors. This low-key color expression that adapts to the environment also guides our thinking in reinterpreting and integrating architecture into its urban environment. Then, based on specific standards of the facade, geometric modules are classified into different categories: sunlight exposure - limiting exposed glass surfaces that may cause overheating in summer, natural light demand - expanding glass surfaces to ensure sufficient natural light in areas that require natural light, and safety constraints - channel width required for emergency services. Based on this modular principle, there are two types of facades.
帕迪尤城区的建筑也以其色彩调色板为特点，由从灰色到更饱和或更暗的沙色等中性色调组成。这种适应环境的低调色彩表达也指导了我们在重新诠释和将建筑融入其城市环境方面的思考。然后，根据立面的特定标准，将几何模块分为不同的类别：阳光照射——限制可能导致夏季过热的暴露玻璃表面，自然光需求——扩大玻璃表面以确保需要自然光的区域获得足够的自然光，以及安全约束——紧急服务所需的通道宽度。基于这种模块化原则，有两种类型的立面。

The peripheral facades of the project are composed of four different modules due to their direct exposure to the natural environment. These modules are designed based on the same external grid, where the angle of the colored oblique facade varies in each module. The width of the glass window can be adjusted according to the demand for sunlight, the amount of natural light, and the width of the passage.
项目外围立面
这些立面因更直接暴露于自然环境中，由四种不同的模块组成。这些模块基于相同的外部网格设计，其中，彩色斜立面的角度在每个模块中各不相同。玻璃窗的宽度可根据日照需求、采光量及通道宽度进行调整。

All facade grids adopt four identical module arrangements, which means the construction system is both flexible and fast. The clever design of these facades means that the entire modular facade block can be prefabricated in the workshop, thereby comprehensively improving the environmental performance of the project.
所有立面网格上均采用四种相同模块的排列方式，这意味着该建造系统既灵活又快速。这些立面的巧妙设计意味着整个模块化立面区块可在车间进行预制，从而全面提升项目的环境性能。

The facade around the vegetation also adopts the modular principle for the facade facing the vegetation. Due to the presence of vegetation, the north and south facades are less exposed, and the modules of these facades are composed of vertical and horizontal decorative elements. As the facades extend westward, these elements gradually simplify and eventually become smooth. The entrance building facade located at the bottom of the vegetation area does not have a raised shape.
植被周围的立面
面向植被的立面同样采用了模块化原则。由于植被的存在，北立面和南立面受到的暴露较少，这些立面的模块由垂直和水平装饰元素构成，随着立面向西延伸，这些元素逐渐简化，最终变得平滑。位于植被区底部的入口建筑立面没有凸起的造型。

In addition to the core vegetation arranged around the French wutong, the urban oasis has also created outdoor areas on the terrace and roof, which are covered with vegetation and open to all. These areas are like sky gardens, becoming an extension of the square, and together with the 1800 square meter green core, form a vegetation area with a total area of 1300 square meters. These regions collectively promote the development of biodiversity and form a cool 'island' in densely populated urban areas.
城市绿洲
除了围绕法国梧桐布置的核心植被外，还在露台和屋顶上创建了室外区域，这些区域布满植被且向所有人开放。这些区域宛如空中花园，成为广场的延伸部分，并与 1800 平方米的绿色核心共同构成了一个总面积达 1300 平方米的植被区。这些区域共同促进了生物多样性的发展，并在密集的城市区域中形成了一个凉爽的“岛屿”。

On the south side, the first large terrace was installed on the roof of the activity base. This 600 square meter outdoor space faces south and is open to all CAE (one floor+one floor) users. The Passerelle roof is also equipped with a 350 square meter long, accessible terrace that connects two wings on the first and fifth floors from the outside. Passerelle's balcony will also add a touch of greenery to the exterior of Passerelle's building. In addition, there is a south facing accessible terrace on the top floor of the project, with an area of 180 square meters. This terrace is located within the overall volume of the building and will become an outdoor area that building users can use.
在南侧，活动基地的屋顶上安装了第一个大型露台。这个 600 平方米的室外空间面向南方，对所有CAE（一层+1层）使用者开放。Passerelle 屋顶还配备了一个 350 平方米长的、可供通行的露台，该露台从外部连接了一层+5 层的两个翼楼。Passerelle 的阳台也将为 Passerelle 建筑的外立面增添一抹绿意。此外，项目顶层设有一个朝南的可通行露台，面积为180平方米。这个露台位于建筑整体体量之中，将成为建筑使用者可使用的室外区域。

The public reception area, training area, conference area, catering area, and work area of the project are arranged around a green core, providing a true urban oasis for all civil servants and residents, surrounded by nature.
项目的公共接待区、培训区、会议区、餐饮区和工作区围绕绿色核心布置，为所有公务员和居民提供了一个真正的城市绿洲，被自然包围。