桃里-沼山村村民中心 / THAD 素朴工作室

Taoli Numashan Village Village Center/THAD Supu Studio
桃里-沼山村村民中心 / THAD 素朴工作室

空间融合与环境回应：该项目最显著的亮点在于其对环境的深刻理解和巧妙回应。设计者将废弃的炼土厂房改造为村民中心，并非简单的翻新，而是将建筑与周围的自然环境——山林、农田、水库——融为一体。通过对原有建筑结构的保留和利用，如砖墙、石坡和木桁架，设计巧妙地引入了阳光、微风和景观。这种设计手法不仅保留了场所的记忆，更创造了内外空间互动、模糊边界的独特体验。项目与地形地貌的结合也值得称赞，建筑“匍匐”于场地，与山体和农田自然衔接，远眺村庄，体现了对环境的尊重和对自然景观的呼应，实现了建筑与自然的和谐共生。

可持续设计与材料再利用：可持续设计是该项目的核心理念之一，也是其精髓所在。设计者在改造过程中，大量使用了回收材料，例如旧建筑拆除的砖块、废旧樟子松木材等，这不仅减少了建筑材料的浪费，也赋予了建筑独特的历史感和文化价值。同时，项目还注重对原有建筑结构的加固和改造，而非完全推倒重建，最大程度地保留了建筑的原始风貌和结构特征。在能源利用方面，项目引入了多层级空间缓冲和舒适度分级控制策略，结合光伏板的应用，降低了建筑的碳排放，体现了对环境的负责任态度。这种对材料的精打细算和对可持续发展的追求，是项目实现建筑、自然、人文三者和谐统一的关键。

结构美学与光环境设计：该项目在结构设计方面展现了卓越的专业素养。设计保留了原有的柱网和三角屋架，并对其进行升级，使其既满足结构安全要求，又具有简洁清晰的视觉效果。屋顶结构的设计是另一个亮点，通过对屋架结构的二次加工，实现了自然采光和通风的完美结合。层层叠落的侧高窗设计，均匀地将漫射光引入室内，创造了柔和舒适的光环境。这种光环境设计不仅提升了建筑的美观性，也改善了室内通风效果，提升了建筑的使用舒适度。此外，设计还考虑了不同朝向屋面的光照特点，采用不同构造方式，体现了对光线和环境的细致考量，使建筑在功能性和美观性上达到了高度统一。

The 'Taoli' project is a reconstruction of an abandoned soil refining plant at the foot of the dam of the Zhaoshan Reservoir. Between the brick walls, stone slopes, and wooden trusses of the old plant, the sunlight, breeze, and scenery of the mountains, farmland, and villages are integrated into the building. Through sustainable architectural design concepts, it creates high-quality multifunctional public spaces for villagers and tourists in the countryside. Taoli is located on the grassy slope of the embankment of the Zhaoshan Reservoir to the west, with common hilly forests in Hubei Province to the south and a village across from farmland to the north. Because it is a local factory, on the one hand, considering the previous industrial production, it is far away from the village and sits alone at the foot of the dam. On the other hand, before the factory renovation, it was imaginable to have a closed posture. The starting point of the renovation design is to break the isolated state of the factory building that was originally out of place in the village, introduce the natural environment into the interior, integrate the building into nature, and provide villagers and tourists with the opportunity to enjoy the natural wildness of the countryside and experience the humanistic pleasure of farming, studying and graduate school.
“桃里”项目由沼山水库堤坝脚下的废弃炼土厂房改建而成，在旧厂房的砖墙、石坡和木桁架之间，将山林、农田和村庄间的阳光、微风和景色融入建筑，通过可持续建筑设计理念为村民和游客营造高品质的乡村多功能公共空间。“桃里”西临沼山水库的堤坝草坡，南侧是湖北丘陵常见的山丘林地，北侧隔着农田能看到对面的村庄。因为是土厂，一方面考虑到曾经的工业生产，远离村落，孤零零坐落在水坝脚下。另一方面厂房改造前是可以想见的封闭的姿态。改造设计的出发点是将原本和村落格格不入的厂房，打破原有的孤僻状态，将自然环境引入室内，将建筑融入自然，为村民和游客提供既可享受田园的自然野趣，又能体验耕读研学的人文乐趣。

The project involves the renovation of an abandoned soil refining factory, with the Zhaoshan Reservoir and Dam to the west, a hillside to the south, and farmland to the north. The design continues the trend of the building crawling on the site, naturally connecting with the southern mountain and northern farmland, and overlooking the village. The main construction materials of the abandoned soil factory are red bricks and camphor pine logs. The structure and construction logic have two major characteristics: one is a strong sense of order and stunning visual effects; The other is to use the most economical materials to build the largest house. The updated design basically follows the original column grid and triangular roof truss form. After analyzing the stress, it is upgraded with steel bars for the tension rods and wooden structures for the compression rods, forming a simple and clear wooden frame main body.
项目由废弃炼土工厂改造，西临沼山水库和水坝，南侧靠近山坡，北侧临近农田。设计延续建筑匍匐于场地的态势，与南侧山体、北侧农田自然连接，远眺村庄。废弃土厂的主要建造材料是红砖和樟子松原木，结构和建造逻辑有两大特点：一个是秩序感极强，视觉效果震撼；另一个是用最省的料，造最大的屋。本次更新设计基本沿用了原有的柱网和三角屋架形态，在分析受力后对其升级，拉杆用钢筋，压杆用木构，形成了简洁清晰的木屋架主体。

剖面图

Secondary processing and upgrading of the main roof truss structure, integrating natural lighting and ventilation, forming layered side high windows, uniformly introducing diffused light into the roof truss and ceiling, and facilitating hot pressure ventilation of large indoor spaces during the transition season. It can also be used for natural smoke exhaust indoors. The north sloping roof has less direct sunlight, so a simpler construction of bright tile daylighting roof was adopted, with less secondary construction and roof height cost, in exchange for a simpler and more uniform indoor lighting environment.
对主体屋架结构做二次加工升级，一体化处理自然采光、通风，形成层层叠落的侧高窗，为室内均匀的引入照入屋架和顶棚的漫射光，同时利于过渡季室内大空间的热压通风，又能用于室内的自然排烟。北侧坡屋面，阳光直射的时间少，故采用了构造更简洁的亮瓦采光屋面，用更少的二次构造和屋顶高度代价，换取更简洁均匀的室内光环境。

A building prototype that adaptively utilizes multi-level spatial buffering. Buffer zone is a large and transparent space with a high internal space. In these areas, natural ventilation and thermal inertia are prioritized for insulation, self shading is used to optimize the initial thermal environment indoors, and local cooling or heating is used to ensure the comfort of human activity areas; Under this premise, local air conditioning and industrial wall fans in large spaces can effectively improve indoor comfort in summer. As an independent enclosed room within the buffer zone, the indoor room adopts conventional air conditioning heating and cooling methods to strictly ensure a comfortable temperature and humidity environment. The air tightness of the maintenance interface in the room is lower than that of the building's exterior walls and roof, and it has also become an auxiliary cold and heat source for the buffer layer. The buffer layer also serves as a barrier between rooms, providing a good foundation for heating and cooling. At the same time, the design incorporates a multi-level buffer space prototype and a comfort level classification control strategy, effectively reducing carbon emissions during the building operation phase. Considering the economic conditions and maintenance capabilities of the rural construction project, as well as the actual situation of the local power grid and the building operation plan, a 100 ㎡ deep gray cadmium telluride photovoltaic panel is arranged in the most efficient way on the south roof, combined with a deep and dark gray checkerboard metal roof, to offset the daily basic energy consumption of the building. The installed capacity of photovoltaics is 15.8kWp, with an annual power generation of 150000 kWh, which can effectively improve the stability of rural power grids and further reduce the total carbon emissions level of buildings by 8.66%.
适应性地利用多层级空间缓冲的建筑原型。缓冲区是内空高大通透的大体量空间，在这些区域优先利用自然通风和热惰性的保温，自遮阳来优化室内的初始热工环境，并通过局部制冷或制热保证人活动区域舒适度；在此前提下，大空间里的局部空调和工业壁扇，可以有效提高夏季室内舒适度。房中房作为缓冲区内独立的封闭房间，采用常规空调采暖制冷方式，严格确保舒适的温湿度环境。房中房的维护界面气密性低于建筑外墙和屋顶，也成为了缓冲层的辅助冷热源。缓冲层同时又是房中房的屏障，为采暖制冷提供较好的基础条件。同时，设计结合多层级缓冲的空间原型和舒适度分级控制的策略，有效降低建筑运行阶段碳排放。考虑乡建项目的经济条件与维护能力，考虑当地电网实际情况和建筑运营计划，在南侧屋面上，结合深浅灰棋盘格金属屋面，以最高效的方式布置深灰色碲化镉光伏板 100㎡，用来抵消建筑日常基础能耗。光伏装机容量 15.8kWp，年发电量 15 万度，可以有效改善乡村电网未端稳定性，并进一步降低 8.66% 的建筑总碳排放水平。

立面图

概念图

In this project, old bricks from the demolition of old buildings will be used to build new brick and concrete masonry. The existing retaining walls will be reinforced with crushed stones extracted from surrounding stone factories. The demolished waste camphor pine logs will be used as landscape wood, and the original processing equipment in the factory will be reinforced for signage. The leftover materials at the corners of the stone carving factory will be used for landscape paving. The materials excavated during on-site work, such as rubble walls, red brick walls, wooden frame structures, industrial structures, and leftover materials from stone factories, have all been reused with the cooperation of local craftsmen, achieving the sustainable architectural design goal of "making the most of everything". There are two key points in the process of material reuse. One is on-site research: to grasp which materials in the surrounding area are usable and worth using; Another is design innovation: exploring how to use them in a fun and appropriate way.
本项目中，将旧建筑拆除的老砖与新砖混砌使用，使用周边石料厂开采后的碎石加固原有挡墙，将拆除的废旧樟子松原木用于景观木料，厂房原有的加工设备加固后用作标识，石刻厂边角余料用于景观铺地。现场工作中发掘的毛石墙、红砖墙、木屋架、工业构筑物、石料厂边角余料等材料，均在与当地工匠的配合下实现了回用，达到了“物尽其用”的可持续建筑设计目标。材料回用过程有两个关键点，一个是在地调研：掌握周边有哪些物质材料是可尽用且值得用的；另一个是设计创新：探索如何把它们用得有逸趣又恰如其分。