深圳蛇口学校改造 / 大屿建筑

Shenzhen Shekou School Renovation/Lantau Island Architecture
深圳蛇口学校改造 / 大屿建筑

改造策略的巧妙运用：该项目在有限的工期内，展现了对改造策略的深刻理解。面对校园空间的多样性和叠加状态，设计师没有选择大刀阔斧的推倒重来，而是着重于局部界面的焕新和铺装的改善，以“织补”的方式重塑校园整体风貌。这种“微创”手术，精准地解决了功能需求与空间关系的矛盾，同时保留了原有建筑的文脉，使新介入的动作成为对既有肌理的刻画，而非简单覆盖。这种策略体现了对历史的尊重，对现状的深入调研，以及对改造效益的最大化追求，最终实现了校园整体品质的提升。

“千步廊”的创新设计：项目中最引人注目的亮点之一是“千步廊”的设计。设计师巧妙地利用地形高差，置入一条横贯东西的连续廊道，串联起多个功能空间，如就餐区、新大门等。廊道不仅解决了人流的流动与聚集问题，更与校园内的原有大树形成共生界面，创造了独特的场所感。廊道的形态设计与周围环境的协调统一，例如与大树的结合，体现了设计师对环境的尊重和对细节的极致追求。这种设计手法使得原本缺乏联系的校园空间变得更加流畅、富有活力，也提升了校园的整体空间体验。

对空间层次的精心营造：项目在不同入口空间都进行了精心的设计和改造，体现了对空间层次感的极致追求。从“过厅”到“中厅”再到“客厅”，设计师通过不同的设计手法，赋予了每个空间独特的性格和功能。例如，在“中厅”的设计中，设计师通过“正骨”和“易容”的方式，重塑了建筑界面，使其更适应儿童的运动行为；在“客厅”的设计中，通过与原有树木的结合，营造出一种“合奏”的界面，使得建筑与环境融为一体。这种对空间层次的精心营造，不仅提升了校园的美观度，更创造了富有活力和互动性的校园环境，为孩子们提供了丰富多彩的活动场所。

From the architect. At the end of 2022, the year before the end of the COVID-19, with the second quarter work plan of 100 schools' renewal, Shekou School was added to the final renewal list by chance, and we met this campus. Shekou School is one of the oldest schools in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. Its predecessor can be traced back to Shekou Primary School, which was founded in 1945. On the undeveloped land, it was the first beacon of enlightenment education for the children of Shekou fishermen. In 1970, Shekou Middle School was established adjacent to Shekou Primary School. The two old campuses, separated by only one wall, merged in 2003 and were renamed Shekou School.
来自建筑师。2022 年末，也是新冠疫情谢幕的前一年，随着百校焕新的第二季工作计划，机缘巧合的将蛇口学校补充列入最终的焕新清单，我们与这座校园相遇了。蛇口学校是深圳市南山区校史最悠久的学校之一，其前身可追溯至1945年建校的蛇口小学。在尚未拓荒的土地上，它是蛇口渔民的孩子们开始接受启蒙教育的第一盏明灯。1970 年，蛇口中学毗邻于蛇口小学建校，两所仅一墙之隔的老校园，于 2003 年合并，更名为蛇口学校。

Current situation and strategy

Over the course of several decades, the campus has undergone several partial repairs, renovations, and transformations, resulting in a diverse and overlapping state, which has led to an unclear relationship between buildings and the external space of the campus.. Although the issues with the entire campus space are scattered, they are focused on addressing functional needs and the relationship between buildings and external spaces. Under the condition of only 1-2 summer vacation periods, we have identified a transformation strategy in terms of techniques and attitudes: through the revitalization of local interfaces and paving, we focus on reshaping the external space of the campus, intervening with local actions to weave and repair a new overall campus style. At the same time, consider the newly introduced actions as a characterization of existing mechanisms, rather than simply covering them. The new actions work together with the old presence to shape a new place.
现状与策略

在几十年的过程中，校园历经数次局部修缮，翻新，改造，呈多样叠加态，导致建筑物与校园外部空间的限定关系并不明确。整个校园空间的问题虽分布较散，但集中在功能刚需的解决，及建筑物与外部空间的关系上。在仅有 1-2 个暑期的工期条件下，我们明确了技法和态度层面的改造策略：通过局部界面与铺装的焕新，重点进行校园外部空间的重塑，以局部动作的干预，织补出新的校园整体风貌。同时，将新介入的动作，视为对既有机理的一种刻画，而不是简单的覆盖。新的动作与老的存在一起作用，共同塑造出新的场所。

轴测图

总平面图

Entrance Hall: Flow and Gathering

Shekou School is located at a high point in the urban area.
. Climbing up from the south gate, the first external space upon entering the campus is an irregular strip of open space that cannot be called a enclosed place. In this space, there are temporary dining spaces located at the western end; The rudimentary school gate located on the south side; And an abandoned triangular land located at the eastern end. Next to the triangular area is the kitchen and logistics entrance, which is far away from the dining space on the west side and very inconvenient to use.
一进院「过厅」：流动与聚集

蛇口学校位于城市片区的地貌高点。从南侧大门拾级而上，进入校园后的第一重外部空间，是一条带状蜿蜒的不规则空地，称不上一个有围合感的场所。在这个空间里，分布着位于西侧尽端的临时就餐空间；位于南侧简陋的学校大门；和位于东侧尽端的一处废弃三角地。在三角地旁，是厨房和物流入口，与西侧的就餐空间距离较远，在使用上十分不便。

In terms of the relationship between behavior and space, this irregular strip-shaped space, like an enlarged "hallway" after entering the house, needs to be sorted out through spatial hierarchy to focus on handling the flow and gathering of people here. We attempted to solve multiple problems through a simple and effective action. Along the irregular boundary of this strip-shaped land, we removed the wall that cut off the flow of space, and placed a continuous, east-west thousand step corridor system on the section of the terrain height difference, connecting the newly added supplementary dining space on the west side, the new gate on the south side, and the newly added dining space in the east triangle. At the same time, the corridor also forms a continuous symbiotic interface with the large trees growing on the campus boundary. Passing through the hall brings about the quality of the venue.
在行为与空间的关系上，这个带状的不规则空间，由如一处入户后放大的”过厅“，需要通过空间层级的梳理，重点处理人流在此的流动与聚集。我们试图通过一个简单有效的动作，同时解决多个问题。沿着这条带状用地的不规则边界，我们拆除了切断空间流动的墙体，在地貌高差的断面上，置入了一条连续的，横贯东西的千步廊系统，将西侧新增的补充就餐空间，南侧的新大门，与东侧三角地的新增就餐空间串联在一起。同时，廊道也与生长在校园边界上的大树，形成连续共生的界面，为过厅带来场所质量。

平面图

After the renovation, the school gate located in the middle section of Qianbu Corridor grew from the boundary of the original retaining wall, emphasizing the solidity of the volume. The entrance is double-sided: on the side facing the city, it is shaped as a large-span cave, and on the side facing the campus, it becomes a colonnade interface. The placement of the columns in the colonnade is aligned with the original stone paving modulus of the square, and the 6cm high column foundation at the bottom is absent, indicating a new old attitude and bringing a sculptural feel to the new gate.
在改造后，位于千步廊中段的学校大门，从原始挡土墙的边界上生长起来，强调体积的坚实感。大门是双面性的：在面向城市一侧，塑造为大跨的洞穴，在面向校园一侧，成为柱廊界面。柱廊落柱点位与广场原始石材的铺装模数对位，底部 6cm 高的柱础“缺席”，提示出一种新老态度，也为新大门带来雕塑感。

On the abandoned triangular land on the east side, the corridor has been transformed into a set of dining platforms that fall along with the terrain, solving the problem of directing and gathering public flows at different elevations in a three-dimensional way. As a comprehensive but complex hub, it meets the dining needs of hundreds of people. The contour of the dining platform's turning point is an active adaptation to the geometry of the site and the current location of the trees, which also drives the vivid umbrella shaped geometry of the second floor roof truss keel. Different platforms are arranged at intervals according to the terrain, forming small courtyards with pleasant scales, creating a light and dark, breathable and comfortable dining environment. In the small-scale triangle, we make the platform a few strokes of dark green, suspended at the height of the tree crown, intertwined with existing trees, and the serrated aluminum plate also responds to the subtle scale of the landscape. The green of the platform and plants together paint a special spatial atmosphere, bringing a new scenery to the previously negative streets.
在东侧废弃的三角地，廊在此变为一组随地形跌落的就餐平台，以立体的方式解决不同标高公共人流的疏导、聚集问题，作为一处综合但复杂的枢纽，解决几百人的就餐刚需。就餐平台转折的轮廓，是一种对场地几何和现状树木点位的主动适应，也带动了二层屋架龙骨生动的伞状几何。不同的平台随地形间隔布置，形成尺度宜人的小院落，创造出明暗相间，透气舒适的就餐环境。在尺度不大的三角地，我们让平台成为几抹墨绿色的笔触，悬浮在树冠的高度，与现存的树木缠绕在一起，齿纹铝板也在回应着景观的微妙尺度。平台和植物的绿色共同涂绘出特殊的空间气氛，为原本消极的街道带来一道新的风景。

剖透视

Second Entrance Courtyard "Middle Hall": Orthopedics and disguise

Climbing up from the north side of the first entrance courtyard, you arrive at the second entrance courtyard surrounded by several teaching buildings. The space here is square and the behavior is aggregated, like a large middle hall.. However, the vertical interface of the enclosed central hall is very negative, completely insulated from the energetic movement behavior of the children. We reshape the central hall that accommodates athletic behavior through orthopedics and disguise. By completing the incomplete volume of the art building, the interface facing the stadium is made complete; Dismantle the originally expanded central axis curtain wall, causing the overall climate boundary to retreat inward and become a semi outdoor "stage". Furthermore, through simple painting, the horizontal and vertical components of the art building facade can be distinguished, visually transforming the originally enclosed volume language into a relatively open and common "column board" language. After the renovation, this outdoor large and medium-sized hall has become a stage for children, and the interface of the hall has also become a background for children's movements, interacting with the behavior in the space for observation.
二进院「中厅」：正骨与易容

从一进院的北侧拾级而上，来到几栋教学楼围合而成的二进院，这里的空间方正，行为聚合，有如一个大的中厅。然而围合中厅的竖向界面十分消极，与孩子们能量满满的运动行为，完全绝缘。我们通过正骨和易容的方式，对容纳运动行为的中厅进行重塑。通过补全艺术楼残缺的体量，让其面对球场的界面完整；将原本外扩的中轴幕墙拆除，使气候边界整体内退，变为一处半室外的“戏台”。进一步，通过简单的涂料粉刷，区分出艺术楼立面的横竖构件，将原本封闭的体积语言，在视觉上修饰为相对开放和公用的“柱板”语言。改造后，这个户外的大中厅由如孩子们的舞台，中厅的界面也成为孩子们运动的背景，与空间中的行为互为观演。

The third courtyard of Shekou School, known as the 'living room', complements the landscape.

The third courtyard of Shekou School is the highest level of public external space - the sports field of the campus.. This bright space gathers all the crowds on campus, like an outdoor living room. In this serene space, we hope that the house and the existing trees work together to form a cohesive interface. The north facade of the art building is located at the end of the axis of the sports field and also the endpoint of the living room's line of sight. After completing the incomplete volume, the north facade is shaped into a front face in the form of a top colonnade, and is highlighted by trees at the end of the sports field, creating a high pitched sound.
三进院「客厅」：与景观同奏

蛇口学校的第三进院，是公共性层级最高的外部空间—— 校园的运动场。这处明亮的空间汇集校园内的所有人群，如同一处户外客厅。在这个舒朗的空间里，我们希望房子和现状树木共同作用，形成一种合奏的界面。艺术楼的北立面，位于运动场的轴线尽端，也是这个客厅的视线终点。在补全残缺的体量后，北立面以顶部柱廊的姿态塑造出正脸，在运动场的终点被树木衬托着，形成一处高音。

For the group of teaching buildings on the west side hidden among the trees, we have added a set of dark green steel grille systems on the facades and roofs of the two teaching buildings to cover the air conditioning covers on the facades, and also defined an ark like aerial stage on the originally abandoned roofs. The dark green steel grille forms a harmonious interface between the landscape and the building. The lightweight steel grating forms a porous interface, which produces distinct micro expressions and light sensations under different angles of sunlight, complementing the landscape of the trees. At the principle level, it is closer to the organic state of natural landscapes. In the garden at the bottom of the ark, there is a corridor connecting two teaching buildings. We consider it as the twin of the Great Ark. The construction language that can be analogized echoes in both high and low places, forming a three-dimensional relationship. In a small-scale garden, let the atmosphere of the landscape diffuse.
对于树丛掩映中的西侧教学楼组群，我们在两栋教学楼的立面和屋顶上，分别增加了一套墨绿色的钢格栅系统，遮蔽立面上的空调外罩，也在原本废弃的屋顶上限定出方舟般的空中舞台。墨绿色的钢格栅，在景观与楼体之间，形成一道调和的界面。轻盈的钢格栅形成孔隙化的界面，使得界面在不同角度的日照下，产生截然不同的微表情和光感，与树丛景观同奏。在原理层面，更加接近自然景观的有机状态。在大方舟底部的花园里，有一处连接两座教学楼的连廊。我们将其视为大方舟的孪生。可类比的建造语言在高低两处呼应，形成一组立体关系。在尺度不大的花园里，让景观的气氛弥散出去。