深圳翠竹外国语学校 / Link-Arc建筑事务所

Shenzhen Cuizhu Foreign Language School/Link Arc Architecture Firm
深圳翠竹外国语学校 / Link-Arc建筑事务所

场地与环境的巧妙融合：该项目最令人印象深刻的是它与周边复杂城市环境的巧妙融合。面对罗湖老城区高密度、不规则的场地条件，设计师没有选择孤立的设计，而是将学校视为城市肌理的关键组成部分。通过对日照、通风、周边环境的综合考量，建筑师创造了多孔的校园空间，如庭院、屋顶花园等，这些设计不仅满足了功能需求，更与周围的城市景观相互呼应，形成了独特的视觉延伸。这种设计理念体现了对城市文脉的尊重，也为学生提供了开放、多元的学习环境。

创新空间布局与教育模式的探索：翠竹外国语学校的设计在空间布局上极具创新性。设计师打破了传统板式教学楼的束缚，通过层叠交错、水平延展的建筑形态，创造了丰富多样的公共空间。屋顶花园、架空层等元素模糊了教学的边界，将校园的每个角落都变成了潜在的学习场所。这种设计理念旨在激发学生的创造力，鼓励互动与交流，从而构建一种全新的教育模式。同时，设计也积极回应了深圳的亚热带季风气候，通过多层级的屋顶花园和遮阳板，实现了对自然环境的积极利用。

技术细节与施工挑战的完美呈现：项目在有限的场地和严苛的施工条件下，展现了卓越的设计与执行能力。建筑师针对场地限制，采用分阶段施工的策略，并巧妙利用了波纹金属板等材料，在保证遮阳效果的同时，提升了建筑的整体美观度。更令人敬佩的是，面对施工中的各种难题，设计师与团队展现了极高的专业素养和适应能力。最终呈现的校园建筑不仅满足了功能需求，也成为了老城区一道靓丽的风景线，为城市注入了活力，也展现了建筑师对于城市文脉的尊重和对教育的深刻理解。

Cuizhu Foreign Language School is a primary school with a building area of 44030 square meters, located in the old town of Luohu District, Shenzhen - the oldest and most densely populated area in Shenzhen with the most irregular urban texture. On the north side of the school site is the main urban road, with adjacent buildings of mixed functions, including hospitals, residences, shops, and other schools. The site is narrow and irregular. The biggest challenge of this project is how to design a comfortable and interesting high-density campus for students in such an environment full of urban fireworks, with a very high plot ratio (overall plot ratio of 3.9, specified plot ratio of 3.0), and actively respond to the complex urban environment around it.
翠竹外国语学校是一所建筑面积为44,030平方米的小学，项目位于深圳市罗湖区老城内——深圳历史最为悠久、密度最高的区域，拥有最不规则的城市肌理。学校场地北侧是城市主干道，相邻建筑功能混杂，包括医院、住宅、商铺、以及其他学校，场地狭长且不规整。如何在这样充满城市烟火气的环境内，在极高容积率（整体容积率 3.9，规定容积率 3.0）的条件下，为学生设计一个舒适有趣的高密度校园，并以此积极应对周边的复杂城市环境，是这个项目最大的挑战。

Luohu District is the most bustling area in Shenzhen, and the rich urban life around it provides a solid foundation for the design of Cuizhu Foreign Language School. Architects do not want Cuizhu School to be just an "object" standing in the city, but rather a key puzzle in the urban context, weaving its own architectural language into the texture of the old and new districts of Luohu, connecting with the surrounding environment. A 200 meter high tower residential building is planned on the south side of the project site. The architect will concentrate the teaching space with high requirements for sunlight on the north side, leaving the south side for a sports field and living area with relatively relaxed requirements for sunlight. After arranging ordinary classrooms in the best way possible for sunlight, connect them together on an open platform to create a rich teaching environment. The building descends layer by layer from north to south, forming a teaching terrace. Architects excavate a series of "courtyards" of different depths on the terrace, creating a series of porous spaces within the campus.
罗湖区是深圳最具烟火气的地方，周边无比丰富的市民生活为翠竹外国语学校的设计提供了一个有厚度的市井生活“图底”。建筑师不希望翠竹学校只是伫立在城市中的一个“物体”，而应该是城市文脉里起承转合的关键拼图，用自身的建筑语言，编织进罗湖老城与新区的肌理，联系着周围的环境。项目场地南侧规划了 200 米高塔住宅，建筑师将对日照有较高要求的教学空间集中靠北侧布置，将南侧留给对日照要求相对宽松的运动场与生活区。将普通教室以最优于日照的方式排列好后，用开放的大平台将教室串联在一起，形成丰富的教学场所。建筑由北向南逐层下跌，形成教学台地，建筑师在台地上挖出一系列不同进深的“院子”，在校园内部形成了一系列多孔的校园空间（porosity spaces）。

These porous and elevated elements beyond the ordinary teaching functions form dynamic and uncertain elements in the building, which are the true value of campus space. Architects hope that this more flexible spatial layout can bring about a new educational model, blur the boundaries of teaching, and stimulate students' creativity. The entire campus is a mobile teaching venue, and classrooms are not only within the classrooms, but will permeate into every space of the building. The construction site of the project is very limited, with a planned plot ratio exceeding 3.0 and more than 40 classes. In order to alleviate the pressure of the teaching building on the playground, the teaching building is gradually stepped back from south to north, bringing nature from the ground level to various elevations, forming a terraced natural growth urban landscape.
这些普通教学功能之外的多孔与架空，形成了建筑中一些动态而不确定性的元素，是校园空间中真正的价值所在。建筑师希望通过这种更加自由的空间布局可以带来全新的教育模式，模糊教学的边界，激发学生的创造力。整个校园都是流动的教学场所，课堂不只在教室之内，而将渗透到建筑的每个空间中。项目的建设场地十分有限，规划容积率超过 3.0，班级超过 40 个，为缓解教学楼体量对操场的压迫感，教学楼自南向北层层退台，将自然从地面层带到各个标高，形成梯田般自然生长的城市地景。

Each grade student has their own rooftop garden, and they can quickly come to the garden to play and relax during the 10 minute break between classes. The rooftop gardens on different levels echo the landscape in various directions of the city, forming an interesting extension of scenery and vision. The entire teaching building is horizontally extended, layered and staggered, colorful, not only a paradise for students to learn in nature, but also a colorful puzzle on the old historical texture of Luohu Old Town.
每个年级的学生都拥有自己的屋顶花园，他们在课间 10 分钟的时候也可以快速来到花园之中玩耍放松。不同层的屋顶花园朝与城市各个方向的景观相呼应，形成有趣的对景与视觉延伸。整个教学楼水平延展，层叠交错，色彩斑斓，不仅是学生们在自然中学习的乐园，也是罗湖老城旧有历史肌理上的一块彩色拼图。

The seemingly disordered courtyard on the overall plan actually has a delicate correspondence with the surrounding wooden dragon community, the industrial area on the east side, and the school dormitory building on the facade, creating an interesting tension between advance and retreat. Architects have set up various window openings of different sizes on the mountain walls of the teaching building, allowing teachers and students to see the diverse faces of the city and community through these openings. The fireworks and noise of the city, as well as the loud sound of reading on campus, will become important parts of each other's lives. The building standards for domestic schools are exceptionally strict, but these "regulatory actions" are actually just the bottom line of campus design. The total construction area of Cuizhu School is 44030 square meters. Calculated based on a 50% utilization rate, the teaching indoor space is 22015 square meters. The real challenge lies in how to create the remaining public space.
总图上貌似无序的庭院在立面上其实与周边的木头龙小区、东侧的工业区和学校宿舍楼都有着精巧的对应关系，进退之间形成了有趣的张力。建筑师在教学楼山墙设置了各式各样、大小不一的窗洞，师生们可以从这些窗洞中望见城市和社区的多样面貌。城市的烟火与喧嚣和校园的朗朗读书声，都将成为彼此生活中的重要部分。国内的学校建筑规范异常严苛，但这些“规定动作”其实只是校园设计的底线。翠竹学校总建筑面积 44030 平方米，按照 50% 的使用率来计算，教学室内空间 22015 平方米，真正的挑战在于剩余的公共空间如何打造。

Architects hope to define campus boundaries with hard edges and soften urban relationships with courtyards. Combining ventilation, lighting, and surrounding environment, six outdoor courtyards with distinct spatial features were designed and excavated. The large tree courtyard is located in the center of the building, introducing sunlight into the interior of the building; The other five courtyards are in harmony with the surrounding environment and serve as frames of different urban textures.

The campus is divided into vertical zones for various functions. The ordinary classrooms with the strictest requirements for sunlight and regulations are located on the first to fourth floors above ground, while the fifth to sixth floors are characteristic classrooms. Other large-scale spaces such as lecture halls, wind and rain playgrounds, restaurants, libraries, etc. are located underground. The excavated courtyard extends underground, bringing sunlight and natural wind to a negative ten meter elevation, allowing nature to penetrate into the lower part of the building.

The biggest challenge in the layout of Pancake type teaching buildings is sunlight. The presence of courtyards can reduce excessive spatial depth and bring sunlight into the campus; In order to demonstrate that the sunlight in each classroom can meet the requirements, the architect dug holes while reviewing the sunlight conditions. He made more than ten versions of calculations and repeatedly communicated the calculation results and models with the planning department before the final plan was approved.
建筑师希望用硬边定义校园边界，用庭院柔化城市关系。结合通风采光和周围环境，设计“挖出”了六个空间特色迥异的户外庭院。大树庭院位于建筑中心，将阳光引入建筑内部；其余五个庭院与周围环境相呼应，也是不同城市肌理的框景。

校园各功能垂直分区，对于日照和规范要求最严格的普通教室位于地上 1—4 层，5—6 层为特色教室，其他大尺度空间例如报告厅、风雨操场、餐厅、图书馆等位于地下。挖出的庭院延伸至地下，将阳光和自然风带到负十米标高，让自然渗透到建筑下部。

Pancake type 的教学楼布置最大的挑战是日照，庭院的存在可以消减过深的空间进深，把阳光带入校园；为了论证每个教室的日照都可以满足要求，建筑师一边挖洞一边复核日照条件，前后做了十几版计算，并且反复的拿计算结果和模型去和规划部门进行沟通，最终方案才得以通过审批。

In response to the regional characteristics of Cuizhu School, the architect is seeking a more tense overall layout relationship, attempting to find a balance between Bar Type and Pancake Type, and actively responding to the climate characteristics of Shenzhen with a large amount of elevated space. The traditional Chinese board style teaching building is a product of the nationwide one size fits all building standards. The rich cross-sectional relationships of Cuizhu School have broken the shackles of traditional teaching buildings and created a green campus for students to learn in nature. The subtropical monsoon climate in Shenzhen is hot and humid in summer, with sufficient sunshine and rainfall. The multi-level roof garden can reduce the heat absorption of buildings in summer, and reduce surface runoff in rainstorm; The building board provides shade for the classrooms while ensuring that students can walk around the campus in all weather conditions without holding umbrellas.

The facade of the building adopts corrugated microporous metal plates for shading, with the metal plates 400 millimeters below the edge of the floor slab. At noon, it blocks strong direct light, and in the afternoon, it allows gradually softer light to penetrate into the interior of the building. The vertical corrugated perforated aluminum plate enhances the rigidity of the board, making the force more reasonable and stable, and does not require back reinforcement support. The 4-meter high panel size can achieve a stable appearance effect with only 3mm of board thickness.

The project is located in a high-density urban area with extremely tight construction conditions. The construction of the overall building cannot be fully carried out at once, and can only be carried out in stages. First, construct the comprehensive building area on the north side, then the dormitory building area on the south side, and finally build the elevated large space in the middle. The materials for each stage need to be planned and stacked in advance in the next construction area.
针对翠竹学校的地域特性，建筑师在寻求一种更有张力的总图关系，尝试在 Bar Type 和 Pancake Type 之间寻找一种平衡，用大量的架空空间去积极回应深圳的气候特征。中国传统的板式教学楼，是全国范围内一刀切的建筑规范的产物。翠竹学校丰富的剖面关系打破了板式教学楼的桎梏，为学生们营造了一个在自然中学习的绿色校园。深圳的亚热带季风气候夏季炎热潮湿，日照充足、雨量充沛，多层级的屋顶花园可以在夏季减少建筑的热能吸收，暴雨时减少地表径流；大楼板给教室提供遮阳的同时，保证学生各种天气都可以在校园内不撑伞地穿行。

建筑的立面采用波纹微孔金属板进行遮阳，金属板低于楼板收边 400 毫米，中午遮挡强烈的直射光，下午让逐渐柔和的光线渗透到建筑内部。竖向的波纹穿孔铝板增强了板材的刚性，使受力更为合理与稳定，且不需在背后做背筋支撑，4 米高度的幅面尺寸仅用 3 毫米的板材厚度就可实现稳定的外观效果。

项目身处高密度市区，施工条件极其紧张。整体建筑的施工无法一次性全面铺开，只能采取分阶段推进的方式。先建北侧综合楼区域，再建南侧宿舍楼区，最后建中部的架空大空间，每个阶段的物料都需提前规划堆放在下一个施工区域。

The cramped site conditions have brought additional challenges to construction, such as difficulties in garbage removal, inability to smoothly access materials, and obstruction of construction vehicles; On the other hand, this phased construction method also helps architects to control the overall construction pace to a certain extent, and the final construction results are roughly consistent with the expected effects. Due to limited space on site, the architect's tour and resident team achieved the architect's "Meng Mu San Qian". The final stage of the on-site meeting was held on a small stool at a noodle shop on the side of Xiaoma Road across from the school.

Looking up aerial photos of the old city area of Luohu, the winding roads divide the plots into various strange polygonal shapes, but at the same time, the buildings on each plot strive to "grow" in their own site, becoming the most suitable for the site. Architects love this kind of vitality, and schools in Luohu District should also have this kind of "bared teeth and claws" vitality, striving to gain vitality, sunshine, and longing in high-density urban areas.
局促的场地情况给施工带来了额外的挑战，如垃圾清运困难、材料无法顺利进入、施工车辆受阻等；但另一方面，这种分阶段施工的方式也在一定程度上帮助建筑师控制了整体的施工节奏，最终的建设成果与预期效果是大致相符的。由于现场空间有限，建筑师巡场和驻场团队实现了建筑师的“孟母三迁”，最后阶段的现场会议是在学校对面的小马路边，坐在肠粉店的小板凳上完成的。

查阅罗湖老城区的航拍图，弯弯曲曲的道路把地块划成各种奇异的多边形态，但同时每个地块上的建筑都努力地在自己的场地里“生长”，变成和场地最契合的样子。建筑师热爱这样的生气勃勃，属于罗湖区的学校也就应该有这种“张牙舞爪”的生命力，在高密度的城区里去努力获得朝气、阳光与渴望。