韧性住宅——多代同堂住房 / etal.

Resilient Housing - Multi generational Shared Housing/Metal
韧性住宅——多代同堂住房 / etal.

设计理念与社会意义：该项目最引人注目的亮点在于其深刻的社会意义。它不仅仅是一栋住宅，更是一个“Baugruppe”的实践，体现了集体决策、共同建造、长期租赁的模式。这种模式突破了传统的房地产开发模式，为居民提供了可负担、自主管理的租赁住房。项目的设计紧密结合了“München Modell-Genossenschaften”的资助模式，突出了社会责任和社区凝聚力。通过与“Mietshäuser Syndikat”的合作，该项目树立了在慕尼黑的典范，其核心在于强调共享生活、多代同堂和可持续发展，为城市住房问题提供了创新的解决方案。

建筑设计与可持续性：项目的精髓体现在其对可持续设计和模块化建造的巧妙运用。采用木结构建造，不仅环保，还赋予了建筑独特的质感。同时，屋顶绿化和光伏板的应用，体现了对环境的责任。在室内设计上，模块化的设计理念贯穿始终。独立居住单元可灵活组合，共享空间的设计也满足了多代同堂的需求。墙体设计、水管接口的设置，以及易于维护的构件，都体现了设计的灵活性和可变性。这种设计理念，不仅降低了成本，也方便了居民的自主改造和维护，延长了建筑的使用寿命。

社区参与与居民赋权：项目的成功很大程度上归功于居民的积极参与。居民在建造过程中的参与和高度自主的投入，增强了他们对建筑的认同感。这种参与不仅仅停留在建造层面，更体现在建筑的设计细节上。例如，木质遮阳板等功能构件采用简单的建造和安装技术，方便居民自行维修。这种设计理念，培养了居民对建筑的归属感和责任感，使得建筑的知识和经验可以代代相传。这种模式，不仅促进了社区的和谐，也为其他类似项目的建设提供了宝贵的经验，体现了设计对社区的积极赋权。

This multi generational residential building, which adopts a shared living form, is a "Baugruppe" (a group of people commissioned to develop their own housing projects, here with "Mietsh ä user Syndikat") in Munich—— https://www.syndikat.org Built in collaboration, with the participation of the group during the construction process, the goal is to provide long-term affordable and self managed rental housing. Through the concept selection process, the group was granted an 80 year lease of land by the city. This marks the first new construction project of "Mietsh ä user Syndikat" in Munich. The building is a social subsidized housing project based on the funding model of the "M ü nchen Modell Genossenschaften" (Munich Model Cooperative). The architectural firm et al. assisted in advancing this collaborative planning process. All decisions of the group are reached through consensus.
这座采用共有居住形式的多代同堂住宅是为慕尼黑的一个“Baugruppe”（即一群委托开发自有住房项目的人士，此处是与“Mietshäuser Syndikat”——https://www.syndikat.org 合作）而建造的，建造过程中也有该团体的参与，其目标是提供长期可负担且自主管理的租赁住房。通过概念评选流程，该团体获得了城市授予的土地80年租赁权。这标志着“Mietshäuser Syndikat”在慕尼黑的首个新建项目。该建筑是依据“München Modell-Genossenschaften”（慕尼黑模式合作社）资助模式开展的社会补贴住宅项目。建筑事务所etal.协助推进了这一合作规划流程。该团体的所有决策均通过共识达成。

轴测图

The plot is located in the southeast of Munich, in a residential area dominated by single family and row houses. This three story accessible building features a cluster of apartments on each floor, with shared living and dining areas. Each independent living unit is equipped with a separate bathroom and has the possibility of connecting to a small kitchen. There is a multifunctional room on the first floor, which can be used by residents inside the building or as a multifunctional activity space for the local community. There are more shared spaces in the basement, including bicycle parking areas, woodworking workshops, and laundry rooms. The side of the building facing the street presents a three story facade, while the garden side adopts a Montessori roof, forming a two-story facade. The remaining roof areas have been extensively greened and installed with photovoltaic panels. The building is constructed with a wooden structure. All above ground floors are constructed using wooden frame structures, while elevator shafts and ceilings are made of laminated wood.
该地块位于慕尼黑东南部，地处一个以独栋住宅和联排住宅为主的住宅区。这座三层无障碍建筑每层设有一套集群公寓，并配有公共起居和用餐区域。每套独立居住单元均配备独立卫生间，且具备连接小厨房的可能性。一层设有一间多功能室，既可供建筑内居民使用，也可作为当地社区的多功能活动空间。地下室设有更多共享空间，包括自行车停放区、木工坊和洗衣房。建筑朝向街道的一面呈现为三层立面，而花园一侧则采用孟莎式屋顶，形成两层立面。其余屋顶区域进行了大面积绿化，并安装了光伏板。该建筑采用木结构建造。所有地上楼层均采用木框架结构施工，电梯井道和天花板则使用胶合木制成。

一层平面图

The roof is designed as an open rafter structure so that its construction can be seen in all living spaces on the top floor. The vertically stacked cladding is composed of local spruce wood and trapezoidal steel plates used as external wooden sunshades for wind and rain protection. This cladding design defines a cantilevered facade. To reduce costs, external walls insulated with cellulose and wood chips were not constructed with additional enclosures for wiring. The cement mortar leveling ground also maintains its original appearance visible, only polished and oiled. The group hoped to have independent rooms of roughly the same size, which deeply influenced the design concept. This unique and minimalist structure provides long-term flexibility for various forms of living. Seven rooms of similar size (each approximately 18 square meters) are arranged around a central corridor and a bathroom core area. The setting method of the water pipe interface allows for flexible installation of kitchens in six rooms without the need for significant renovation.
屋顶设计为开放式椽条结构，以便在顶层所有居住空间内都能看到其构造。垂直方向上按楼层堆叠的包层由当地云杉木和用作外部木质遮阳板防风雨保护的梯形钢板组成，这种包层设计定义了悬挑式外立面。为降低成本，采用纤维素和木屑进行保温的外部墙体在建造时未额外设置用于布线的外壳。水泥砂浆找平地面也保持原貌可见，仅做了打磨和上油处理。该团体希望拥有大小大致相同的独立房间，这一诉求深刻影响了设计理念。这种独特而简约的结构为各种居住形式提供了长期的灵活性。七间大小相近的房间（每间约 18 平方米）围绕一条中央走廊和一个卫生间核心区布置。水管接口的设置方式使得其中六间房间无需大幅改造即可灵活安装厨房。

剖面图

The wall design of the room serves as a partition between apartments, providing necessary sound insulation for possible spatial reorganization. The so-called "breakpoint" composed of beams and thresholds allows the room to be flexibly increased or decreased. These elements also allow residents to intuitively see the renovation potential of the house. Functional components such as wooden sunshades use simple construction and installation techniques, allowing residents to carry out renovation, maintenance, or repair work on their own. During the construction process, residents' participation and highly autonomous input enhanced their sense of identification with the building, ensuring that knowledge about its adaptability can be passed down to future generations.
房间的墙体设计为公寓之间的隔墙，为可能进行的空间重组提供了必要的隔音效果。由过梁和门槛构成的所谓“断点”使得房间可以灵活增减。这些元素也让居民能够直观看到房屋具备的改造潜力。功能性构件（如木质遮阳板）采用简单的建造和安装技术，让居民能够自行进行改造、维护或维修工作。在建造过程中，居民的参与过程以及高度自主的投入，增强了他们对这栋房屋的认同感，确保有关建筑适应性的知识能够传承给后代。