圆形展馆/Fabian A.Wagner+Wiss

圆形展馆/Fabian A.Wagner+Wiss。路易斯·道西助理+凯泽斯劳滕应用科学大学
Circular Pavilion / Fabian A. Wagner + Wiss. Ass. Louise Daussy + Hochschule Kaiserslautern University of Applied Sciences

设计理念的创新与可持续：该圆形展馆项目体现了建筑设计中对现有资源的再利用和可持续理念的深刻理解。设计师巧妙地利用罗马马西莫别墅黑色展馆的组件，在保持原有材料完整性的前提下，创造了一个全新的圆形空间。这种“从已有结构出发”的设计方法，颠覆了传统的设计流程，强调了在建筑设计中节约资源的重要性。项目在设计和建造过程中，都充分考虑了易于拆卸和修复的特性，螺纹连接和木钉板的应用，确保了结构的灵活性和可持续性，为未来的建筑设计提供了宝贵的经验。

空间的组织与功能的多样性：圆形展馆在空间组织上的亮点在于其开放性和多功能性。设计师选择圆形作为基本几何形态，与新宫殿的对称布局相呼应，同时创造出一个既能与周围环境互动，又能提供庇护的场所。展馆的直径为8米，可容纳约30人，满足了多种使用场景的需求。中心柱的设计巧妙地融入了技术元素，为演讲、讨论等活动提供了支撑。此外，展馆的空间边界既营造了宁静，又为市民提供了交流和思想碰撞的平台，体现了建筑在公共空间中的重要作用，这种设计为城市空间注入了活力。

建造细节与材料选择的精髓：圆形展馆在建造细节和材料选择上体现了精湛的工艺和对可持续性的承诺。结构主要采用海松木板，通过螺纹连接，实现了结构的稳定性和可拆卸性。屋顶板上的圆形孔洞，为观者提供了定向视野，使人们能够从新的角度欣赏周围的景色。设计中避免使用胶合或灌浆等“湿连接”，最大程度地保留了材料的可再利用性。微创的锚固方式，也减少了对地面的影响，体现了对环境的尊重。这些细节共同构成了项目在材料选择和建造工艺上的精髓，为建筑的可持续发展树立了典范。

建筑师提供的文字描述。圆形展馆是由凯泽斯劳滕应用科学大学的学生使用罗马马西莫别墅黑色展馆的组件开发的。黑亭组件的相似性和接缝的简单性使面板和方木可以立即重复使用。一个新的圆形展馆由这些组件设计而成，是斯图加特新宫前学院花园设计-建造教学项目的一部分。该展馆作为艺术之夏的一部分展出，是BDA与Karin Sander、Max Zitzelsberger和Fabian a.Wagner交流思想的场所，并在Akademiegarten提供了一个受保护的空间，供市民使用。
Text description provided by the architects. The circular pavilion was developed by students at Kaiserslautern University of Applied Sciences using components from the Black Pavilion at the Villa Massimo in Rome. The similarity of the components and the simplicity of the joints of the Black Pavilion allows the panels and squared timbers to be reused immediately. A new circular pavilion was designed from these components and erected as part of a design-build teaching project in the Academy Garden in front of the New Palace in Stuttgart. The pavilion was exhibited as part of the Summer of the Arts, served as a venue for the BDA's exchange of ideas with Karin Sander, Max Zitzelsberger and Fabian A. Wagner and offered a protected space in the Akademiegarten that citizens could appropriate.

Model

为了与宫殿建筑群的对称布局保持一致，亭子被放置在新宫前的中心，呈基本几何形状——圆形。为了抵消学院花园的宽敞，并为预期用途创造适当的氛围，设计了一个向上开放的空间，隐藏了行人楼层，从而可以从新的角度体验公园和新宫。为了使展馆在巨大的宫殿建筑群前散发出某种存在感，人们试图用少数组件创造尽可能大的空间。
In keeping with the symmetrical layout of the palace complex, the pavilion was placed in a basic geometric shape - the circle - in the center in front of the New Palace. In order to counteract the spaciousness of the Academy Gardens and create an appropriate atmosphere for the intended uses, an upwardly open space was designed that hides the pedestrian level and thus makes it possible to experience the park and the New Palace from a new perspective. In order for the pavilion to exude a certain presence in front of the massive palace complex, an attempt was made to create as large a space as possible from the few components.

Model

圆形展馆展示了建筑如何在公共空间中定位，从而为所有公民提供了参与、交流和交换想法的机会。开放的圆形空间旨在服务于各种使用场景。它的直径为8米，最多可容纳30人。对于BDA Wechselgespräch，在圆圈的中间立了一根柱子，柱子上安装了必要的技术。这根柱子象征性地放置在圆圈的中心——一个技术图腾，游客和演讲者可以聚集在这里。虽然这些小平台在讲座期间用作演讲者的座位，但它们可以被安排成一张大桌子用于其他用途，比如野餐或绕圈表演。舞台元素也可以堆叠起来，形成一个用于阅读的讲台。圆圈的空间和视觉边界也创造了一个宁静的地方，免受窥探。因此，这个圆圈既是撤退的地方，也是聚会的地方。
The circular pavilion shows how architecture can be positioned in the public space and thus offers all citizens the opportunity to participate, communicate and exchange ideas. The open, circular space is intended to serve various usage scenarios. With a diameter of eight meters, it offers space for up to 30 people. For the BDA Wechselgespräch, a pillar was erected in the middle of the circle to which the necessary technology was attached. This column was symbolically placed in the center of the circle - a totem for technology where visitors and speakers can gather around. While the small platforms served as seating for the speakers during lectures, they can be arranged into a large table for other uses - such as a picnic or a performance in a circle. The stage elements can also be stacked to create a Podium for readings. The spatial and visual boundaries of the circle also create a place of peace and quiet, protected from prying eyes. The circle is thus both a place of retreat and a meeting place.

该结构基于一个重复模块，当排列成行时，该模块会形成一个圆。结构木材是用海松木板拧在一起的。黑色亭子的屋顶板水平地连接在木制立柱的上端。屋顶板上的圆孔位于视线高度，以允许定向视图和远景。黑亭圆形部分的屋顶板也已安装。四分之一圆朝上，可以看到Landtag和Stadtpalais的景色。他们指向下方，标记入口。
The construction is based on a repeating module that forms a circle when arranged in a row. The structural timbers were screwed together using maritime pine boards. The roof panels of the black pavilion were attached horizontally to the upper ends of the wooden uprights. The round holes in the roof panels were positioned at eye level to allow directional views and vistas. The roof panels of the circular section of the Black Pavilion were also installed. With the quarter circle pointing upwards, these allow views towards the Landtag and Stadtpalais. Pointing downwards, they mark the entrance.

在规划阶段，必须考虑到各个组成部分的建造和拆除。这些交叉口计划易于接近、检查和拆卸。为确保这一点，所有连接点均采用螺纹连接。使用简单的钳子连接和木钉板在各个层面进行施工。为了保持圆度，避免了胶合或灌浆等“湿连接”。使用地钉或地螺钉将锚定在地面上是微创的，它们用绳子连接到椽子或立柱的基点上。
Both the construction and dismantling of the individual components had to be taken into account at the planning stage. The junctions were planned to be easily accessible, inspectable and removable. To ensure this, all connection points were produced using screw connections. The construction was carried out at various levels using simple pincer connections and wooden nail plates."Wet connections" such as gluing or grouting were avoided in the interests of circularity. The anchoring in the ground was micro-invasive using ground nails or ground screws, which were attached with ropes to the base points of the rafters or uprights.

在设计圆形展馆时，学生们颠倒了经典的设计过程：在现有结构的基础上开发了一种新的结构。这种设计方法有助于建筑周转的成功。只有学会重用已有的资源，我们才能节约资源。圆形展馆无需锯切或销毁任何部件，所有部件都按其原始尺寸使用。这个圆圈简单而模块化，因此学生可以在没有任何工具的情况下竖立起来。这些连接是用木钉板制成的，很容易接近和修改。
When designing the circular pavilion, the students reversed the classic design process: a new structure was developed from the existing one. This design methodology contributes to the success of the building turnaround. We can only conserve resources if we learn to reuse what already exists. No components had to be sawn or destroyed for the circular pavilion - all parts were used in their original dimensions. The circle is simple and modular so that it can be erected by the students without any tools. The connections were made with wooden nail plates and are easily accessible and revisable.

虽然近年来的建筑话语主要集中在坚固性、耐用性和建筑的去复杂化上，但这种方法追求的目标是以一种可以修复和拆除的方式设计建筑。
While the architectural discourse of recent years has focused primarily on robustness, durability and the decomplexification of construction, this approach pursues the goal of designing buildings in such a way that they can be repaired and dismantled.