Warrandyte住宅/人偶建筑

Warrandyte住宅/人偶建筑
Warrandyte House / Figureground Architecture

场地回应与形式语言：Warrandyte住宅的核心在于其对场地环境的深刻理解与巧妙回应。设计者精准地捕捉了Wurundjeri地区的自然特征，将房屋置于山脊线上，充分利用了开阔的视野。建筑的主体形态，一个简洁的矩形棱柱，巧妙地借鉴了当地常见的农用机械棚的元素，与周围环境形成了一种谦逊而和谐的对话。这种设计手法避免了过度张扬，而是通过朴素的材料和形态，融入了当地的文脉。同时，泥土砌石基础的使用，使得建筑更好地融入了地形，体现了对土地的敬畏。

空间组织与功能布局：在空间组织方面，Warrandyte住宅展现了卓越的组织能力。通过“服务中轴”的设置，清晰地界定了公共与私人空间，确保了居住的私密性和功能性。内部空间则通过不同高度的屋顶形式，营造了丰富的空间体验，实现了高度与压缩的对比。此外，双层高的木条空隙，不仅赋予了入口仪式感，也巧妙地将建筑与周围的灌木环境联系起来。逐步下降的地平面处理，从入口桥、内部空间到外部露台，再到较低的泳池和花园，创造了一种流畅的空间过渡，增强了居住的体验感。

可持续设计与细节处理：Warrandyte住宅在可持续设计方面表现出色，体现了对环境的责任感。太阳能板、电加热与制冷、双层玻璃、高水平的隔热以及可操作的外部屏幕等措施，共同构成了被动式太阳能设计策略。在细节处理上，设计师注重材料的质感和工艺。东北立面的深木框落地窗，结合了内置的细木工架子和长凳，既提供了舒适的居住体验，又突出了远处的壮丽景色。木饰面的运用和隐藏式滑动门，进一步提升了空间的整体品质，也体现了设计师对细节的极致追求。

建筑师提供的文字描述。在传统的Wurundjeri县，Warrandyte是澳大利亚墨尔本东北25公里处的一个半农村地区。该景观的特点是部分清理的农田、零星的桉树灌木丛、连绵起伏的丘陵和山谷。房子的位置是一条山脊线，那里的土地向北和向东陡峭地倾斜。从悬崖上穿过桉树，可以看到远处山丘的壮丽景色。
Text description provided by the architects. On traditionally Wurundjeri country, Warrandyte is a semi-rural area 25 km north-east of Melbourne, Australia. The landscape is characterised by partially cleared farmland, scattered remnants of eucalyptus bushland, and rolling hills and valleys. The site for the house is a ridgeline, where the land then falls away steeply to the north and east. There are spectacular views through gum trees down the escarpment and across to the distant hills beyond.

房子的主要形式是一个简单的矩形棱柱，屋顶覆盖着木炭金属，参考了该地区普遍存在的农业机械棚。该模板通过泥土砌石基础嵌入屋脊，形成较低的基准面。北侧的两座较小的砖结构建筑作为附属亭子，与主住宅相得益彰。
The primary form of the house is a simple rectangular prism with a charcoal metal-clad skillion roof, referencing the ubiquitous farm machinery sheds typical of the area. This form is embedded into the ridge by way of an earthy, masonry base which forms a lower-level datum. Two smaller brick structures to the north act as ancillary pavilions to accompany the primary dwelling.

双层高的木条空隙提供了一种从灌木丛中出现的进入和到达的感觉。在可操作的屏幕上也可以看到木条细节，这些屏幕保护西窗免受夏日午后阳光的照射。从西向东2米的地面变化是通过逐步下降来解决的，从非模板混凝土入口桥开始，穿过内部空间、外部甲板露台，向下到达较低的游泳池和花园。
A double-height, timber battened void provides a sense of entry and arrival that emerges from the bush setting. Timber batten detailing is also seen in the operable screens that protect the western windows from the heat of the summer afternoon sun. The 2-metre change in ground level from west to east is resolved through a gradual stepping down, from the off-form concrete entry bridge, through internal spaces, external decked terraces, and down to the lower pool and garden.

在家里，这种微妙的下降发生在三个层面：睡眠区、中央服务区和较低的生活区。内部区域的skillion屋顶形式提供了高度和压缩的对比体验。较高的屋顶形式允许两倍高的孩子们吵闹，并可隐藏进入阁楼游戏空间。起居区的特点是在用餐和起居空间上方有一个深色的大教堂天花板，创造了宽敞的内部空间，并通过深邃的、暴露的落地窗向下欣赏风景。
Inside the home, this subtle stepping down occurs over three levels: the sleeping zone, central service zone, and the lower living zone. The skillion roof form over interior areas allows contrasted experiences of both height and compression. The higher roof form allows for a double-height kids' rumpus with hidden access to attic play space. The living areas are characterised by a dark-toned, cathedral ceiling over the dining and living spaces, creating generous internal volumes of space and also funnelling views down through the deep, revealed picture windows.

公共和私人空间由一个服务中心明显分开。厨房、餐具室、书房、浴室和储物区都被精心地组织在一个线性吊舱内。木饰面衬里和集成滑动门隐藏了内部的功能空间。
Public and private spaces are distinctly separated by a service spine. Kitchen, pantry, study, bathroom, and storage areas have been carefully organised within a linear pod. Timber veneer lining and integrated sliding doors conceal the functional spaces within.

东北立面由深透的木制落地窗界定。内部窗户的深度发生了变化，融入了集成的细木工货架和长凳，在营造温暖和工艺感的同时，也勾勒出远处的壮丽景色。该住宅采用了可持续的设计措施，包括太阳能电池板、电加热和冷却、双层玻璃、高水平的隔热、被动式太阳能定向和可操作的外部屏幕，以控制夏季的热量增加。
The north-east façade is defined by deep-revealed, timber picture windows. The interior window reveals a change in depth to incorporate integrated joinery shelves and benches, providing a sense of warmth and craft whilst framing the spectacular views beyond. The dwelling incorporates sustainable design measures including solar panels, electric heating and cooling, double glazing, high levels of insulation, passive solar orientation, and operable external screens to control summer heat gain.