克拉拉之家 - 园林吧

克拉拉之家
Clara House

项目概览与文化传承：“克拉拉之家”项目最引人入胜之处在于其对当地文化肌理的深刻理解与尊重。设计者并非简单地复制传统，而是深入挖掘了该地区“palheiros”建筑的内在精神。项目在设计中巧妙地融入了当地特有的土坯墙、木窗、瓦屋顶和屋檐等元素，并以白墙、黄饰条和绿漆木窗的经典配色，将对原有建筑的修复意图体现得淋漓尽致。项目选址于“Rua do Meio”的拐角处，虽不见水，但建筑的四个立面及多重屋顶暗示了与当地水文环境的微妙联系。这种对历史文脉的尊重和创新，使得“克拉拉之家”不仅是一栋建筑，更像是一座承载着地域记忆的文化载体。

空间布局与功能设计：在空间布局方面，“克拉拉之家”展现了其设计师对实用性与美观性之间的完美平衡。建筑师精心设计了四个立面和四坡屋顶，从而赋予了其独特的形式复杂性。内部，设计师充分利用了空间，在一楼设置了贯穿房屋宽度的套房，确保了居住的舒适性。同时，通过精心设计的内部大厅，既延迟了进入起居室的视线，又有效地组织了起居和用餐区域，并与街道上的厨房相连，实现了内外空间的流畅过渡。此外，阁楼的卧室和浴室巧妙地利用了屋顶的不同坡度，并辅以木梁，从而创造出温馨而富有特色的居住空间。这些设计体现了建筑师对功能性与居住体验的深刻理解。

材料与工艺的巧妙运用：“克拉拉之家”的另一大亮点在于对材料的独特处理。在施工过程中，设计者敏锐地捕捉到了土坯和木材本身的质感与魅力，并最终决定保留这些原始材料。这种对材料本真的尊重，不仅赋予了建筑独特的个性和视觉魅力，也与当地的建筑传统产生了深刻的共鸣。通过采用大地色系的色调，建筑在保持抽象感的同时，也更加客观地展现了材料本身的特性。所有房间都配备了导向窗，朝向不同方向，使光线能够充分进入室内。这种对材料、光线和空间巧妙的整合，体现了设计师对建筑细节的极致追求，也使得“克拉拉之家”成为一个既质朴又精致的建筑典范。

/ M2.senos arquitectos

建筑师提供的文字描述。葡萄牙大西洋海滩Costa Nova do Prado以其“palheiros”而闻名，palheiros是支持捕鱼活动的旧存储建筑的后代，几代人之后，这些建筑变成了五颜六色的条纹房屋，让有幸经过的度假者非常高兴。
Text description provided by the architects. Costa Nova do Prado, the Atlantic Portuguese beach, is famous for its “palheiros”, descendants of old storage buildings supporting fishing activities, which, over generations, became colorful striped houses, much to the delight of holidaymakers lucky enough to pass through.

这些木制原型，以其谷仓般的形状和明亮的颜色，从本质上讲，往往掩盖了另一种传统类型的存在，这种类型起源于位于帕莱罗和甘达雷山房屋（该地区的一座乡村房屋）之间的乡土建筑。然而，这些建筑显然是度假屋，通常用土坯（可能含有小贝壳的沙砖）建造，类型相对常见，但有“齐平”的立面，装饰着一些装饰元素，虽然不起眼，但屋顶和屋檐占主导地位。孙子们见证了这个地方的时间线，也是那片破败废墟的继承人，他们想在那里建立自己的永久家园。
These wooden archetypes, with their barn-like shape and bright colors, tend, by the nature of things, to overshadow the existence of another traditional typology, which descends from vernacular architecture situated between the palheiro and the gandaresan house (a rural house of the region). These constructions, however, clearly stand as vacation homes, usually built in adobe (sand bricks that may contain small seashells), with relatively common typologies, but with "flush" facades, adorned with some decorative elements, though modest, where the roofs and eaves take the lead. The grandchildren, witnesses to the timeline of the place and heirs of that dilapidated ruin, wanted to establish their permanent home there.

这座房子位于“Rua do Meio”（位于ria和大海之间）的拐角处，水的元素不可见，但可以直观地感受到，它有四个立面，一个有四个部分的屋顶，中间有四个双折窗，这使得它的形式复杂性因对称和等效游戏而更加突出。
Located at the corner of the "Rua do Meio" (between the ria and the sea), where the elements of water are not visible but are intuited, the house presents four façades, a roof with four sections, punctuated by four mansard windows, which give it formal complexity accentuated by symmetry and equivalence games.

其西面和北面的两个立面面向公共空间，而东面和南面的立面则朝向小巷（该地区的一个特征）。东边的小巷是共用的，可以通往几栋房子。南边的小巷是房子唯一的私人外部空间，一条1.5米宽的走廊。房子的入口直接来自街道，因此，建造了一个小的内部大厅，它延迟了客厅的时间，并组织了起居和用餐空间，一直延伸到与街道相连的厨房。
Two of its façades, to the west and north, face the public space, while the east and south façades turn towards alleys (a characteristic feature of the area). The alley to the east is shared for access to several houses. The alley to the south constitutes the only private exterior space of the house, a corridor 1.5 meters wide. The entrance to the house is directly from the street, and for that reason, a small interior hall was created, which delays the living room and organizes the living and dining spaces, continuing into the kitchen, which connects to the street.

同样在一楼，一间带浴室的套房占据了房子的整个宽度，也享受着外部空间。楼梯下有两个对日常生活最重要、最不显眼的空间：一个小浴室和一个技术/洗衣区，可从外部进入。在阁楼里，两间卧室和浴室利用了不同的屋顶部分，由木梁突出。
Also on the ground floor, a suite with a bathroom occupies the entire width of the house, also enjoying the exterior space. Under the stairs, two spaces of maximum importance for daily living and minimal presence: a small bathroom and a technical/laundry area, with access from the exterior. In the loft, the two bedrooms and the bathroom take advantage of the different roof sections, highlighted by wooden beams.

所有房间都有一个导向窗，每个导向窗都面向不同的象限。外部大部分被保留下来，包括点缀开口的装饰性几何元素、土坯墙、木窗、瓦屋顶和屋檐，保持了恢复原始房屋的意图，墙壁为白色，装饰为黄色，木窗为绿色。
All rooms have a pilot window, each facing a different quadrant. The exteriors were largely preserved, including the decorative geometric elements that punctuate the openings, the adobe walls, the wooden sash windows, the tiled roof, and the eaves, maintaining the intention to restore the original house, with the white color of the walls, yellow trim, and green lacquered wooden windows.

Alçado Norte - Demolição e construção

Cross Section

然而，在施工过程中，材料及其性质开始显现出来。尤其是土坯和木材，获得了意想不到的突出地位，导致人们决定最好的做法是保持原样。因此，选择了一定的原始材料，以房屋的大地色调进行合成，使其同时更加抽象，也更加客观。
However, during the construction process, the materials and their nature began to reveal themselves. The adobe and wood, in particular, gained unexpected prominence, leading to the decision that the best course of action was to leave them as they were. Thus, a certain rawness of materials was chosen, synthesized in the earth-tone color of the house, making it simultaneously more abstract, yet more objective.