吉布提凯塞尔中学/理查德+舒勒
Lycée Kessel Djibouti / richard + schoeller
对气候的回应:吉布提凯塞尔中学项目最引人注目的亮点在于其对当地气候条件的深刻理解与巧妙回应。建筑师没有简单地复制西方设计理念,而是深入研究了当地的阳光、风向和阴影,并将其融入设计之中。项目充分利用了自然通风和遮阳,通过风塔和精心设计的建筑朝向,最大限度地减少了对能源的需求,实现了被动式降温。这种设计理念不仅体现了对环境的尊重,也为当地居民提供了舒适宜人的学习空间。从已知的图片可以看出,建筑的整体布局和材料选择也服务于这一目标,是对当地环境的积极回应。
设计语言与功能融合:项目的精髓在于其将设计语言与功能完美融合的能力。建筑师创造了一种简洁而富有表现力的建筑风格,这种风格既能满足教学需求,又能适应当地的极端气候。项目的结构设计、材料选择和空间布局都服务于通风、采光和遮阳这三个核心目标。建筑体量、窗户朝向和屋顶形式都经过精心设计,以优化自然光线和空气流通。这种设计手法展现了建筑师对形式美学的精准把握,以及对功能和环境的深刻理解。整体项目在视觉上呈现出一种朴素而优雅的风格,与当地环境和谐共生。
可持续性与地域性:吉布提凯塞尔中学项目体现了对可持续性和地域性的高度重视。它不仅仅是一座学校,更是一个可持续发展的典范。项目通过被动式设计策略,降低了能源消耗,减少了环境影响。同时,项目也积极地融入了当地的文化元素,并可能采用了当地的建筑材料,以增强建筑的地域特色和文化认同感。这种设计理念不仅体现了对环境的责任感,也为当地社区带来了积极影响。通过建筑设计,本项目将可持续发展和文化传承完美结合,为当地建筑发展树立了榜样,值得我们深入学习与借鉴。
© Sergio Grazia
© Sergio Grazia
建筑师提供的文字描述每年的这个时候,我们穿过一条干涸的干河谷后,搬到了Dikhil以西的Bouh Barre附近。在一个繁星点点的夜晚之后,太阳逐渐在天空中升起,用它的麻木拥抱着我们。尽管夏天不在这里,但五月份的步行变得越来越困难。我们找到了一座石屋,屋顶上满是金属板,于是在阴凉处停了下来。在烈日下,这块薄金属板对我们来说似乎是天赐之物。在树荫下,气温下降了10度,没有阳光照射到我们的皮肤或全身。
Text description provided by the architects. We had moved away to the west of Dikhil, near Bouh Barre, after crossing a dry wadi at this time of year. The sun was gradually rising in the sky after a completely starry night, and was embracing us with its torpor. Even though the summer season was not here, walking was becoming difficult in May. Finding a stone hut, covered with a roof overflowing with sheet metal, we stopped in the shade. The thin thickness of this sheet metal seemed providential to us under the burning sun. Under its shade, the temperature had dropped by 10 degrees, without the sun's rays striking our skin or our entire body.
© Sergio Grazia
Site Plan
© Sergio Grazia
当我们绕着小屋走的时候,一阵轻柔而持续的东风突然在这一边的墙上散发出一种意想不到的新鲜感。
As we went around the cabin, the east wind, which was blowing gently and continuously, suddenly diffused an unsuspected freshness on this side of the walls.
© Sergio Grazia
我们站在那里思考,对最轻微的阴影、最轻微的微风都很敏感,考虑到气候的简单方面,如风从海里吹出气团,如果我们仔细观察,可以自然地软化气候,为建筑通风,提供舒适的室内氛围,而不需要能量。我们研究了如何在吉布提约瑟夫·凯塞尔高中的建设中具体运用这种思维。
We stood there thinking, sensitive to the slightest shadow, to the slightest breeze, considering that simple aspects of the climate like the wind that moves air masses from the sea can naturally soften a climate, ventilate a building, provide a comfortable interior atmosphere without energy if we observe them carefully. And we examined how to adapt this thinking in a concrete way in the construction of the Joseph Kessel high school in Djibouti.
© Sergio Grazia
Section - Wind Towers
© Sergio Grazia
即使在困难的条件下,风、光和阴影有时也可以非常简单地在建筑的某些主要目标上实现部分自给自足。
Wind, light and shadows can sometimes very simply allow partial self-sufficiency on certain primary objectives of architecture even in difficult conditions.
© Sergio Grazia