西顿纽斯别墅/斯坦普尔和泰萨建筑

西顿纽斯别墅/斯坦普尔和泰萨建筑
Villa Sidonius / Stempel & Tesar Architekti

独特的场地回应：Villa Sidonius 项目最令人印象深刻的方面是其对场地条件的巧妙应对。设计者充分利用了陡峭地势的优势，将建筑设计成一座“桥”式结构，最大限度地捕捉贝鲁恩卡山谷和布拉格天际线的壮丽景色。这种设计不仅解决了场地限制，如北坡缺乏阳光的问题，还创造了独特的居住体验。通过悬挑结构，建筑师成功地将建筑与环境融为一体，形成引人入胜的视觉效果，展现了建筑设计在应对复杂地形时的创造力。

创新的结构和技术应用：该项目在结构和技术方面展现了卓越的创新精神。建筑师采用了预制钢结构作为主要框架，这是一种大胆的尝试，突破了传统建筑的限制。同时，建筑师还在项目中应用了许多前沿的技术产品和设备，例如瑞士空气勒克斯窗户和带热泵的供暖和制冷系统。这些技术不仅确保了建筑的结构稳定性和功能性，还提升了居住的舒适度，体现了设计师对现代建筑技术的高度敏感性和大胆实践，为可持续建筑提供了有益的探索。

建筑与景观的协同：Villa Sidonius 项目的另一个亮点是建筑与景观之间的紧密合作。建筑师与景观设计师Vladimír Sitta的合作，创造了用桦树建造板岩斜坡的创新方案，使建筑与周围环境和谐共生。这种设计不仅美化了建筑外观，也增强了居住体验。此外，游泳池等设计元素也是建筑师和景观设计师共同努力的成果，这种跨学科的合作体现了设计团队的专业精神和对整体设计品质的追求，最终打造出一个令人印象深刻的整体环境。

Černošice的别墅区是Babka Hill北部和西部山脚下独特的家庭住宅的壮观集合，当人们从布拉格出发时，这些住宅从周围的环境中脱颖而出。由于别墅区的历史可以追溯到二十世纪初，它是新艺术运动和第一共和国别墅的所在地。1989年后，Černošice再次成为建造示范住宅楼的热门地点，包括在这个社区。该地区具有强烈的特色，这不是由任何一种建筑风格所决定的，而是由建筑物的宏伟和规模所决定的。这些房子坐落在陡峭的土地上，在山坡上雕刻的一条小径上显得格外突出，小径两旁是花园的挡土墙。西顿纽斯别墅也不会有什么不同。
Černošice's villa district is a spectacular collection of unique family homes at the northern and western foot of Babka Hill that stand out from their surroundings as one approaches on the road from Prague. Since the villa district dates back to the early twentieth century, it is home to Art Nouveau and First Republic villas. After 1989, Černošice once again became a popular place to construct showcase residential buildings, including in this neighborhood. The locality possesses a strong character that is not defined by any one architectural style as much as by the buildings' grandeur and scale. Located on steep plots of land, the houses stand out above a path carved into the hillside and lined by the gardens' retaining walls. Villa Sidonius was not going to be any different.

别墅的陡峭房产位于地形的北侧，是附近最陡峭、最高的房产之一。这对该项目来说有几个优点，但也有缺点和挑战。毫无疑问，该遗址最大的资产是贝鲁恩卡山谷、波西米亚喀斯特山脉和背景中布拉格天际线的美丽景色。因此，建筑师试图从最佳角度将这种观点带入所有生活空间。北坡缺乏阳光，在一天的大部分时间里，阳光只照射在房产的最高部分——沿着陡坡很难到达的区域。因此，建筑师们面临的问题是，如何在提供便利的同时，将房子建得尽可能高。
The villa's steep property is located on the northern, shaded side of the terrain and is one of the steepest and highest in the neighborhood. This comes with several advantages but also disadvantages and challenges for the project. Without a doubt, the site's greatest asset is the beautiful view of the Berounka Valley, the hills of the Bohemian Karst, and the Prague skyline in the background. For this reason, the architects have attempted to bring this view into all the living spaces from the best possible angle. The northern slope suffers from a lack of sun, which for most of the day only shines on the highest part of the property – an area that is difficult to reach along the steep slope. The architects were thus faced with the question of how to build the house as high as possible on the property while still providing ease of access.

Plan and Section

他们的计划以悬挂房屋的概念为基础，在应对这些挑战的同时消除了这些缺点，并最大限度地发挥了房产的优点。获胜的形式是柱子上的桥状结构。因此，这座建筑就像一座放置在陡坡上的钢制人行天桥，在那里它被转向以面对最好的北方景色和南方的阳光。预制钢结构由一个由HEB 300型材制成的外部承重部分和一个主要由IPE 160型材组成的内部结构填充物组成，前者桥接了单片钢筋混凝土柱之间的18米距离，后者用作窗户、屋顶和地板的承重框架。这座建筑是一个结构、建筑和技术实验。既没有空间，也没有用传统方法设计房子的愿望；相反，我们的目标是找到突破极限的解决方案，测试市场上最新的技术产品和设备，例如瑞士空气勒克斯窗户，带有专利的空气辅助密封件，以及带热泵的供暖和制冷系统，以确保在储热能力低的房子里全年都有舒适的室内气候。
Their plan, which eliminates these disadvantages while working with these challenges and maximizing the property's merits, was founded on the concept of hanging houses. The winning form was a bridge-like structure on pillars. The building thus resembles a steel footbridge placed on a steep slope, where it has been turned to face the best northern views and southern sun. The prefabricated steel structure consists of an external load-bearing section made of HEB 300 profiles, which bridges the eighteen-meter distance between the monolithic reinforced concrete pillars, and of an internal constructional infill primarily consisting of IPE 160 profiles, which serves as a load-bearing framework for the windows, roof, and floors. The building is a structural, architectural, and technological experiment. There was neither the space nor the desire to design a house using traditional methods; instead, the goal was to find solutions that would push the envelope and test the latest technological products and equipment on the market, such as Swiss air-lux windows with patented air-assisted seals and a heating and cooling system with heat pumps to ensure a comfortable indoor climate all year round in a house with low heat storage capacity.

该建筑从车库通过地下隧道进入，在那里还可以找到一个工作室和一个健身区。隧道通往其中一根柱子的脚下，电梯将居民带到住宅层，经过一个中间站，可以进入服务室。家的核心是一个舒适的客厅，配有厨房和用餐区。从这里，人们可以进入朝南的露台，露台将房子与植被覆盖的地形连接起来，花园的阳光明媚的上部有一个游泳池。“桥”的突出部分包含两个不同的世界：一端是儿童房的世界，另一端是带浴室和景观的主卧室。
The building is entered via an underground tunnel from the garage, where one will also find a studio and a fitness area. The tunnel leads to the foot of one of the pillars, where an elevator takes residents to the residential level, passing an intermediate stop with access to the service room. The home's heart is a cozy living room with a kitchen and dining area. From here, one can access the south-facing terrace, which connects the house with the vegetated terrain and the sunny upper part of the garden with a swimming pool. The protruding parts of the "bridge" contain two different worlds: the world of children's rooms on one end and the primary bedroom with bath and views on the other.

与景观设计师Vladimír Sitta的密切合作产生了用桦树建造板岩斜坡的想法，这是一种与建筑整体建筑设计相协调的新颖解决方案。一些设计方面，如游泳池和相关元素，是建筑师和景观设计师共同努力的结果。这座房子是一个独特的创意过程的精髓，它不仅涉及建筑师，还涉及建筑各个部分的设计和生产的一个庞大的专家团队。房子的主人也占据着特殊的地位，他参与了整个准备和施工过程，对整体结果产生了重大影响。
Close collaboration with the landscape architect Vladimír Sitta led to the idea of a slate slope with birch trees – a novel solution that is in harmony with the building's overall architectural design. Some of the design aspects, such as the pool and related elements, were the result of this joint effort between the architect and landscape designer. The house is the essence of a unique creative process, which involves not only architects but also a large team of specialists in the design and production of individual parts of the building. The owner of the house also occupies an exceptional position, whose involvement in the entire process of preparation and construction significantly influenced the overall result.