Gîte du Volcan/80海拔建筑

Gîte du Volcan/80海拔建筑
Gîte du Volcan / Altitude 80 Architecture

设计理念与环境融合：此项目最令人印象深刻之处在于其与周围自然环境的深刻融合。建筑师巧妙地捕捉了火山地貌的特质，从“绳状熔岩”流中汲取灵感，通过三条起伏的曲线，创造出与地形完美契合的形态。这种设计不仅是对自然景观的尊重，更是对环境的诗意回应。建筑选材也体现了对自然的敬畏，耐候钢外墙与火山岩的色彩呼应，柳杉木材则与周围森林和谐共生。这种设计理念超越了单纯的建筑建造，是对当地环境和文化的深度理解与尊重，体现了可持续建筑的精髓。

可持续性和能源自主性：该项目在能源和资源利用方面的自主性令人瞩目，是可持续建筑的典范。建筑师充分利用自然资源，采用光伏系统发电，太阳能板提供热水，实现了能源上的自给自足。更令人惊叹的是，项目采用了双重供水系统，雨水收集、处理并储存，辅以大气水发生器，从空气中提取湿度以生产饮用水，确保了在偏远地区也能满足生活需求。这种对环境的负责任态度，以及对创新技术的应用，不仅减少了对外部资源的依赖，更实现了建筑与自然的和谐共生，为类似高海拔、偏远地区的建筑提供了宝贵的经验。

生态修复与植物多样性：除了能源和资源的自主性，该项目还体现了对生态修复的高度关注。建筑师在项目实施过程中，将生态保护和修复作为重要考量，并付诸实践。通过种植34种以前从未种植过的特有植物，以及超过5000棵树木和灌木，以及数千株草植物用于屋顶绿化，对当地的生态环境进行了积极的改善。与多家机构合作，展示了建筑设计在促进生物多样性和生态系统健康方面的巨大潜力。这种主动的生态修复措施，使得该项目不仅仅是一座建筑，更是一个积极的生态贡献者，体现了可持续发展的远见。

建筑师提供的文字描述火山顶峰的建筑挑战。2016年，留尼旺岛部发起了一场建筑竞赛，提出了一个大胆的挑战：在国家公园中心海拔2240米处设计一个自主的度假屋，同时保持现有度假屋的运营。这个项目不仅仅是建造一座建筑。它在被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的独特环境中栩栩如生，旨在恢复自然空间，同时满足日益增长和苛刻的客户的期望。
Text description provided by the architects. An Architectural Challenge at the Summit of the Volcano. In 2016, the Department of Réunion Island launched an architectural competition with a bold challenge: to design an autonomous gîte at 2240 meters above sea level, in the heart of the National Park, while maintaining the operations of the existing gîte. This project goes beyond the mere construction of a building. It is brought to life within a unique setting, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and aims to restore space to nature while meeting the expectations of a growing and demanding clientele.

Lower Floor Plan

原来的营地已经老化，分散在整个场地，不再满足当前的需求。目标很明确：设计一个更紧凑的厨房，能够容纳100人，同时实现完全的能源自主。这座建筑是建筑师、工程师和景观设计师合作的结果，其灵感来自Piton de la Fournaise的玄武岩“绳状熔岩”流。这一概念通过三条起伏的曲线来表达，这些曲线被建模以适应现场的地形。这条曲线成为了该项目的主线，与蜿蜒穿过火山地块的蜿蜒小径相呼应。
The former gîte, aging and scattered across the site, no longer met current needs. The goal was clear: to design a more compact gîte, capable of accommodating 100 people while achieving total energy autonomy. The building, the result of collaboration between architects, engineers, and landscape designers, draws its inspiration from the basaltic "corded lava" flows of the Piton de la Fournaise. This concept is expressed through three undulating curves, modeled to fit the site's topography. The curved line became the guiding thread of the project, echoing the winding paths that meander through the volcanic massif.

与火山相协调，选择了正宗的材料和颜色：外墙覆盖着耐候钢瓦，带有铁锈色调，微妙地反映了Piton de la Fournaise的颜色。与周围的森林共生，柳杉是一种当地采购的木材，被用来覆盖某些外墙和制作房间的家具。
In harmony with the volcano, authentic materials and colors were chosen: facades clad in weathering steel shingles, with rust-toned hues, subtly reflect the colors of the Piton de la Fournaise. In symbiosis with the surrounding forests, cryptomeria, a locally sourced wood, was used to clad certain facades and craft the furniture in the rooms.

这个与世隔绝的酒馆完全依赖自然资源运营。电力由自主光伏系统产生。淋浴和地暖的热水由太阳能电池板提供。水是通过一个双系统供应的：雨水被收集、处理并储存在隐藏在建筑物下方的500立方米蓄水池中，并由一个大气水发生器补充，该发生器从空气中提取湿度以生产饮用水。
This isolated gîte operates entirely on natural resources. Electricity is generated by an autonomous photovoltaic system. Hot water for showers and underfloor heating is provided by solar panels. Water is supplied through a dual system: rainwater is collected, treated, and stored in 500 m³ reservoirs hidden beneath the building, complemented by an atmospheric water generator that extracts humidity from the air to produce potable water.

Cross Section

将盖特融入这片高海拔景观也带来了生态挑战。该实验项目包括种植34种以前从未种植过的特有植物。从周围的自然环境中收集种子和插条，在现场种植了5000多棵树木和灌木，以及数千株草植物，用于屋顶绿化。这项工作是与马斯克林国家植物园、国家公园和法国国家森林局合作进行的。这个项目不仅仅是一项建筑成就，它完全沉浸在一个独特而脆弱的生态系统中，向火山和留尼旺岛的自然美景致敬。
Integrating the gîte into this high-altitude landscape also presented an ecological challenge. This experimental project included the cultivation of 34 endemic plant species that had never been cultivated before. Seeds and cuttings were collected from the surrounding natural environment, enabling the planting of over 5000 trees and shrubs on the site, along with thousands of grass plants for the gîte's green roof. This effort was carried out in collaboration with the Conservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin, the National Park, and the ONF (French National Forest Office). This project is more than just an architectural achievement—it is a total immersion into a unique and fragile ecosystem, a tribute to the Volcano and the natural beauty of Réunion Island.