世博文化公园温室花园/Delugan Meissl联合建筑师事务所

世博文化公园温室花园/Delugan Meissl联合建筑师事务所
Expo Cultural Park Greenhouse Garden / Delugan Meissl Associated Architects

创新与可持续性：世博文化公园温室花园项目通过其独特的设计和可持续性理念，展示了建筑与环境的和谐共生。该项目利用单层玻璃和穿孔屋顶设计，实现了自然通风和被动冷却，有效降低了能耗。此外，温室附近的游泳池不仅提供冷却，还通过光伏板为建筑供电，体现了零能耗建筑的目标。这种创新的设计不仅减少了对环境的负担，也为未来的建筑设计提供了可持续发展的范例.

历史与现代的融合：项目巧妙地将工业遗产与现代建筑相结合，展现了上海从工业时代向绿色生态城市转型的历史进程。前工业大厅的钢结构被重新利用，成为温室花园的几何上部结构，而有机形状的亭子则增添了现代感。这种设计不仅保留了城市的历史记忆，也为市民提供了一个高品质的休闲空间，体现了上海在城市更新和生态保护方面的努力.

生态与教育的结合：温室花园内部的空间设计丰富多样，从模拟沙漠环境的展馆到热带雨林的热带植被，再到垂直花园的巡回展览空间，为游客提供了丰富的生态体验和教育机会。通过探索温室内部和之间的路径网络，游客可以近距离感受不同生态环境下的植物，了解气候变化对生态的影响。这种设计不仅增强了游客的参与感，也提高了公众对生态保护的意识.

建筑师提供的文字描述Text description provided by the architects. The zeitgeist has shifted towards recognizing nature as the essential basis of our living environment. And nature has also moved to the heart of architecture. In recent years, as it has repeatedly addressed the specific task of greenhouse design, DMAA has developed extensive technical and cultural know-how.

© CreatAR Images

上海拥有2300万人口，是中国城市和国际发展的重点。浦东这个人烟稀少的工业郊区已经成为亚洲最壮观的高层天际线之一，世博文化园就位于其中心。但上海地区也直接受到无限增长和气候变化后果的威胁。鉴于严重的雾霾、水资源短缺和气温上升，中国领导人正在寻找采取激进大规模措施的解决方案——这些措施不仅应保护自然栖息地，还应将中国的技术和经济努力引向可持续的方向。
With a population of 23 million, the megacity of Shanghai is the focal point of China's urban and international development. The sparsely inhabited industrial suburb of Pudong has become home to one of Asia's most spectacular high-rise skylines, at the heart of which the Expo Cultural Park is situated. But the Shanghai Region is also directly threatened by the consequences of unlimited growth and climate change. Given biting smogs, water shortages, and rising temperatures, the country's leaders are looking for solutions that take the form of radical largescale steps – steps that should not only preserve natural habitats but also steer China's technological and economic efforts in a sustainable direction.

© CreatAR Images

在改造成世博文化公园之前，市中心的休闲区被一座燃煤发电厂和一家钢铁厂占据。随后，它被改建为2010年世博会的举办地。作为新温室花园项目的一部分，前工业大厅的钢结构被用作几何上部结构，然后通过有机形状的亭子进行了增强。工业与自然、传统与未来的双重二元性标志着上海现在所处的历史转折点。市政府决定将如此巨大的、位于市中心的土地重新用作高质量的休闲区，这清楚地证明了上海核心城区种植更加密集的总体趋势，上海是世界上最大的亚热带气候城市之一。
Before its transformation into the Expo Cultural Park, the inner-city recreational area was occupied by a coal-fired power plant and a steelworks. It was then remodeled as the location for Expo 2010. As part of the project for the new Greenhouse Garden, the steel structure of a former industrial hall was used as a geometrical superstructure that was then enhanced by organically shaped pavilions. The twin dualities of industry and nature and tradition and future mark the historical turning point at which Shanghai now finds itself. The municipal administration's decision to refunction such a huge, centrally-located piece of land as a high-quality leisure area offers clear evidence of the overall trend towards the more intense planting of the core urban zones of Shanghai, one of the largest cities in the world with a subtropical climate.

© CreatAR Images

由于温室通常消耗大量能源，该项目的一个特别目标是建造一座零能耗建筑。这是通过使用单层玻璃实现的——这是一种基于模拟计算的选择，模拟计算表明，双层玻璃的能效较低，因为工厂所需的人工照明的影响会抵消热量损失的减少。穿孔屋顶上的窗户可以调节，以允许自然通风和被动冷却，为特定植物创造最佳气候。展馆附近的游泳池不仅提供冷却，还通过位于其表面下方的光伏板为温室提供能量。
As greenhouses generally consume large amounts of energy, one particular aim of this project was to create a zero-energy building. This was achieved by the use of single glazing – a choice based on simulative calculations that showed that double glazing would be less energy efficient due to the fact that the reduction in heat loss would be more than canceled out by the impact of the artificial lighting required by the plants. Opening windows in the perforated roof can be adjusted to permit the natural ventilation and passive cooling that creates the optimal climate for the specific plants. A pool adjacent to the pavilions not only provides cooling but also supplies energy to the greenhouse from PV panels that are located just below its surface.

第一个展馆再现了沙漠的极度干旱，沙质和岩石景观体现了植物的家园，这些植物可以抵御干旱，但在每个大陆都面临着灭绝的威胁。相比之下，第二个展馆包含热带雨林的热带植被，而最后一个展馆的垂直花园为巡回展览提供了空间。亭子上方的露台可以俯瞰整个公园和构成周围城市结构边缘的建筑。在三个展馆和入口建筑之间，以及所列钢结构下方，一个大型流通空间将项目与周围的自然融为一体。
The first pavilion recreates the radical aridity of the desert, with a sandy and rocky landscape that embodies the home of plants that can withstand drought yet are threatened by extinction in every continent. In contrast, the second pavilion contains the tropical vegetation of the rainforest, while the vertical flower gardens of the final pavilion offer space for traveling exhibitions. The terrace above the pavilions offers an overview of the entire park and the buildings that form the edge of the surrounding urban fabric. Between the three pavilions and the entrance building, and below the listed steel structure, a large circulation space integrates the project into the surrounding nature.

温室内部和之间的路径网络产生了新的品质。通过积极探索这个网络，游客可以穿过每个空间序列，体验与建筑物质的有针对性的互动。玻璃栏杆将这些客人显露出来，而平缓的坡度会加速或减缓他们的行进速度。
The network of pathways within and between the greenhouses generates new qualities. By actively exploring this network, visitors pass through each spatial sequence, experiencing a targeted interaction with the built substance. Glazed parapets reveal these guests while gentle gradients speed up or slow down their progress.

沙漠和热带植被之间的水位变化来自大自然，同时也提供了一个全球政治视角，因为气候变化引发了关于未来水资源可用性的问题。这样，立面的有机起伏形式不仅成为内部组织的主题，也成为人与自然之间新的适应性关系的主题。
The variation in water levels between the desert and the tropical vegetation is taken from nature, while also offering a global political perspective due to the questions about the future availability of water that are being raised by climate change. In this way, the organically undulating form of the facade becomes a leitmotif for not only the internal organization but also the new adaptable relationship between humans and nature.